American Journal of Zoological Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 1, 5-12
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajzr/5/1/2
©Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajzr-5-1-2
Mosquitoes Breeding Potentials of Dumpsites in Selected
Location in Uyo Local Government Area
of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Afia U. U
*
, EFIONG E. EDET
Department of Zoology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: afia_udeme@yahoo.com
Abstract A survey on Mosquitoe breeding potentials of dumpsites in selected locations in Uyo Local Government
Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria was carried out between October and November, 2015. Samples were collected in
both stagnant waterand containerof domestic dumping site, Dumping site in Mechanical village, and Industrial site.
A total of 1648 specimen of mosquitoes larvae from three genuses (Anopheles, culex, and Aedes) were encountered.
1318 larvae found in stagnant water, while 330 recovered from container of water.In stagnant water, the following
result were obtain; domestic dumping site; culex spp. 310 (44%) >Anopheles spp. 218 (30%)>Aedes Spp. 184(26%)
Mechanical village dumping site: Anopheles 210 (44%)>Aedes 141 (30%)>Culex Spp.. 121 (26%0 and industrial
dumping site; Culex 57 (43%)>Anopheles Spp. 42 (31%)>Aedes Spp. 35 (26). Induced container the following
result was obtained, domestic dumping site; Culex spp. 95 (51%)> Anopheles pp. 69(37%)> Aedes spp. 22(12%),
mechanic village dumping site: Anopheles spp. 57 (64%)> Culex Spp. 23 (26%)> Aedes Spp. 9 (10%) and industrial
dumping site: culux spp. 40 (73%)> Anopheles Spp. 10(18%)>AedesSpp. 5 (9%). Culex Spp. was observed to be
dominant in domestic and industrial dumping site, Anopheles Spp.was observed to be dominant in mechanic village
dumping site while Aedes Spp. was observed to be the least dominant in the three selected sampling area. The ratio
of male to female in the three sampling area was 1:2. In conclusion, the occurrence of Anopheles Spp, Aedes Spp.
and culex Spp. in the study area indicates high risk of vector borne diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue
fever and filariasis.
Keywords: mosquitoe, dumping site, potential, breeding
Cite This Article: Afia U. U, and EFIONG E. EDET, “Mosquitoes Breeding Potentials of Dumpsites in
Selected Location in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.” American Journal of
Zoological Research, vol. 5, no. 1 (2017): 5-12. doi: 10.12691/ajzr-5-1-2.
1. Introduction
The ecological basis for disease dates at least as far back
as 400BC to Hippocrates’s writing on Air, water and place.
As Wilson [38] clarifies, our understanding and therefore
control of diseases is inadequate without “ecological”
perspective on the life cycles of parasitic micro-organism
and the associated infectious diseases. “Many of the critical
health problems in the world today cannot be solved without
major improvement in environmental quality” [34].
Transmission and control of malaria has clear links to
ecosystem changes that result from natural resources policies.
The resulting ecosystem change has a tremendous influence
on the pattern of diseases such as malaria [16,21,25,27,28],
this is partly because of all the forest species that transmit
disease to human beings, Mosquitoes are among the most
sensitive to ecosystem changes; their survival, density and
distribution have been altered by environmental changes
caused by different land transformation [27,28].
Tropical diseases such as dengue fever, lymphatic
filariasis, malaria, yellow fever and those caused by the
West Nile virus and other viruses are all transmitted by
mosquitoes [5]. Malaria is the most common and
important parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes. It is
transmitted through the bite of an infected female
Anopheles mosquito. The most important species of
malaria parasite involved are plasmodium falciparum, P.
Ovale, P. malariae, P. knowlesi, P. vivax (Midegu 2006;
Umar, 2014). Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes have
been responsible for killing more than all the wars in
history (Beerntsen, 2000; Umar, 2014).
Vector control is of great importance in combating
malaria. Since the year 2000, the World Health
Organization (WHO) embraced vector control as a major
tool for combating malaria. This has been done by
financially facilitating increased availability of insecticide
treated bed nets 3% to 50% by the year 2011 and
increased indoor residual spraying (IRS) from 5% to 11%
by the year 2010 in sub-Saharan Africa (WHO, 2011).
This show that in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African
countries where malaria is endemic, there have been
massive investment toward provision and access to
Artemisinin based Combination Therapies (ACTs) and
effort have been made largely towards adult mosquito