1 An All Israelite Identity: Historical Reality or Biblical Myth? Avraham Faust (as accepted, published as: Faust, A., 2017, An All-Israelite Identity: Historical Reality or Biblical Myth? in J. Lev-Tov, P. Wapnish, and A. Gilbert (eds.), The Wide Lens in Archaeology: Honoring Brian Hesse's Contributions to Anthropological Archaeology, Atlanta: Lockwood Press, pp. 169-190). If you would like the final pdf of the article, please send me an email to: avraham.faust@biu.ac.il Until a few years ago, most historians and archaeologists treated Israelite identity as embracing both Israel and Judah, and while still used in this way by most scholars today, more and more doubts are cast over this overarching identification. Did Israel and Judah have more in common than other ancient peoples? Or is it a later perspective supplied by the authors and editors of significant portions of the biblical texts, who strived to legitimate later territorial, religious and political claims by Judahite/Jewish rulers and authors by asserting an "Israelite" identity for themselves? As the reliability (and dating) of the textual sources is being questioned, it is the aim of this article to reexamine the question of an "all Israelite" identity on the basis of the available, contemporaneous, Iron Age evidence. 1 1 While I did not address the question of the ethnic relations between Israel and Judah (and of an all-Israelite identity) in detail before, the present article relies on my previous work on ethnicity. Naturally, I cannot repeat all the background information in such a short article and the data presented in the first half of this paper is only a brief summary of the topics discussed. For a more detailed summary, see, for example, Faust 2006a; 2013; 2015)