B. Jacob Skousen, Illinois State Archaeological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign,
23 E. Stadium Dr., Champaign, IL 61820, bskousen@illinois.edu
©2017 Illinois Archaeological Survey, Inc., Illinois Archaeology, vol. 29, pp. 191–210.
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The Dugan Airfield Site
A Stirling Phase Civic Node in the Southern Illinois Uplands
B. Jacob Skousen
Dugan Airfield (11MO718) is a multicomponent pre-Columbian site in the uplands of
Monroe County, Illinois, a portion of which was excavated during the Illinois Route 3
Widening and Waterloo Bypass Project. In this paper, I contend that the site’s Stirling
phase Mississippian component represents a “nodal” settlement based on the presence of elite
architecture, feasting debris, and prestige objects and materials. Furthermore, nonlocal
pottery vessels, hybrid structures, and the remains of river-dwelling fish from floodplain
environments recovered from the site suggest that these feasts brought together and inte-
grated diverse populations from the surrounding region. Overall, Dugan’s location along
a major transportation corridor, its status as the only nodal settlement in the area, and the
“commensal politics” that took place there indicate that the site was crucial in maintaining
Cahokia’s influence on southern upland populations.
Cahokia, located in present day Collinsville, Illinois, reached an unprecedented level
of political and religious organization and dominance in the mid-eleventh century A.D.
Cahokia’s inception involved the reorganization of the landscape, an influx of outlying
populations, the development of new forms of pottery and house styles, and the adop-
tion of a suite of new religious practices (see Pauketat 2004). The reorganization of
the landscape included the appearance of so-called nodal settlements throughout the
greater Cahokia region. These sites, with their Cahokian-made political-ceremonial
objects and special-use architecture, indicate that a region-wide political-religious hi-
erarchical structure was orchestrated and perpetuated by Cahokia’s elite to control and
extract surplus food and goods from rural populations (Emerson 1997a, 1997b, 1997c).
In this paper, I argue that the Dugan Airfield site (11MO718), a Mississippian
settlement in the eastern uplands of Monroe County, was one of these nodal sites.
Excavations performed during the Illinois Route 3 (FAP-14) Widening and Waterloo
Bypass Project revealed elite architecture, prestige objects and materials, and feasting
debris at the site, all trappings of a Stirling phase “civic node.” I further contend that