Original Article
1
Department of Community Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
2
Department of Community Medicine, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra State.
3
Foundation for Health and Development in Nigeria 4Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State,
Nigeria
*Corresponding author. Email: omonethra@gmail.com
©2018 Afrimedic Journal. This work is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
35
An Assessment of the Potentials
for Retention of Primary Health
Care Workers in Rivers State,
Nigeria
*Kadiri-Eneh NP
1
, Azuike EC
2, 3
, Tobin-West C
1
,
Uzochukwu BSC
4
ABSTRACT
Background: Primary Health Care (PHC)
development in Nigeria is in its infancy,
characterized by scarcity of human and material
resources that are unevenly distributed. Attraction
and retention of skilled staff in PHC centres require
an understanding of the associated variables.
Objective: This study assessed retention potential
of PHC workers in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design
with a mixed method of data collection was used.
The quantitative data were collected using semi-
structured, pre-tested, self-administered
questionnaires and analysed using SPSS version
20.0 software. The qualitative aspect was done
concurrently using focus group discussions and
analysed thematically. The multi-stage sampling
method was used to select 378 respondents made
up of Community Health Extension Workers,
Community Health Officers, nurses and doctors
from the Primary Health facilities.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was
39.8±8.1 years; with 339 (89.7%) females and
39(10.3%) males. Among the respondents,
215(56.9%) wanted opportunities for better work
placement outside their current facility, with 48.4%
preferring locations outside Africa. Salary,
promotions and capacity building (35.7%, 33.1%
and 24.1% respectively) were the commonest
factors for their preference. The age, cadre,
profession, duration of work, general working
conditions, ability and skills as well as work
activities had statistically significant relationships
with their desire to leave.
Conclusion: This study found a low potential for
retention of primary health care workers, as more
than half of the workers desired better work
placement outside their current facilities. In
addition, priority attention should be given to the
younger age group, which was found to be the high
turnover group.
Keywords: Primary Health Care, Health Care
Workers, Retention, Potential
Cite this article as: Kadiri-Eneh NP, Azuike EC, Tobin-West C,
Uzochukwu BSC. An Assessment of the Potentials for
Retention of Primary Health Care Workers in Rivers State,
Nigeria. Afrimedic Journal 2018; 6 (1): 35-51
INTRODUCTION
Globally, skilled health workers are in short supply
with poor regions of the world being worst hit. The
largest needs-based shortages of health workers
are in South-East Asia at 6.9 million and Africa at
4.2 million.
1
Many of the skilled workers often seek
better opportunities in more developed countries,
which hampered the achievement of the
Millennium Development Goals and also a major
threat to the achievement of the Sustainable
Development Goals(SDGs).
1
The availability of
sufficient and appropriately distributed skilled
health personnel especially at the PHC level is an
important determinant of the strength of a health
system.
2
This is especially so in resource-poor
countries, that already have weak healthcare
systems with demotivated PHC workers, in the face