International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (IJIREM)
ISSN: 2350-0557, Volume-3, Issue-3, May-2016
Copyright © 2016. Innovative Research Publications. All Rights Reserved 200
Selectivity model of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on
the Cobalt-Based Catalyst
Jaber Tayebi
. Department of Chemical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan, P.O.Box 98164-161,
Zahedan, Iran
Hossein Atashi
. Department of Chemical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan, P.O.Box 98164-161,
Zahedan, Iran
Corresponding author. Tel.: +98
9121193366.
Neda Poudineh
. Department of Chemical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan, P.O.Box 98164-161,
Zahedan, Iran
mariam@usim.edu.my
ABSTRACT
CO conversion model and two models of selectivity of CH
4
and C
5
+
productswere obtained for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The models
were fitted to experimental data obtained by Co/SiO
2
catalystin
isothermal packed-bed reactor. The operating conditions are as
follows: temperature 473K, pressure 0.5 MPa, space velocity 0.08-
0.5 cm
3
/ (g-s) and water partial pressure 0.01-0.26 MPa.The
influence of operating parameters, interaction of them and the effect
of water on the CO conversion and the selectivity of products were
investigated. Results show that both of the two operating
parameters, i.e., water partial pressureand space velocity are
influenced.Also it has been shown that as water partial pressure
increases, the C
5
+
selectivity and the CO conversion are increased
while the CH
4
selectivity is decreased.
Keywords: CO conversion, Fischer-Tropsch
synthesis, selectivity model, water effect
1. INTRODUCTION
The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising approach to
efficientconversion of coal, natural gas and biomass into a mixture
of alkenes, alkanes, alcohols and other oxygenates with a range of
Carbon number [1-4].This process is very effective for the
conversion of expressedcompounds intoenvironmental less
damaging fuels and useful chemical with lower emissions of
pollutants[5-8].Numerous studies investigated this process in
different aspects [9-16].In thisprocess, ѴШgroup metals are used
as catalyst [17].Among the metals of this group, Iron and Cobalt
catalysts are the two mainlyused one. [18, 19].Of these two, the
cobalt-based catalysts (Co/SiO2, Co/activated Carbon, etc)
aremore interesting for production of hydrocarbons from synthesis
gasbeacause of the cobalt’s intrinsic ability in hydrogenating
dissociated carbon species, prompting chain growth and resistance
to deactivation by carbonaceous deposits [17, 20]. Besides, other
reasons of their widely usage in industrial process are: high
selectivity and activity, low activity of water-gas shift
reactionandtheir relatively low price. Also ithas been shown that
cobalt-based catalysts are often suitablefor low temperatureFTS
[21, 22].During the FT reaction,water isproduced in
varyingquantities [23]. Whetherthis water isindigenous or added,it
causesactivity increase [24, 25]and decrease on Co/SiO
2
catalysts[26].The deactivation process of this catalyst is increased
in the high conversions and high partial pressure of water. In the
low conversion when water is not added, the deactivation of
catalyst is done much more slowly[25, 27].Decreasingthe
deactivation of catalyst is irreversible in high waterpartial pressure
[27].
Investigation of products selectivity in FT reaction is an important
matter.To study the FTS products distribution, different wayshave
been suggested in the literature which can be classified into two
main categories: detailed Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-
Watson (LHHW) kinetic models and hydrocarbon selectivity
models [28].In achieving the optimum operating conditions for
production, economical and temporal factors are of major
significance.Hence, selectivitymodels can play an effective role in
the designing ofFT process.In this study,appropriate modelswere
obtainedfor products selectivity and CO conversion.Also the
effects of operating parameters and their corresponding
interactions on products selectivitywere studied by Analysis Of
Variance (ANOVA) method.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
Experimentaldata were obtained fromKrishnamoorthy et al.
(2002) studythatinvestigatedthe effect of water on the rate and
selectivity of Fischer-Tropsch on cobalt-based catalyst. This study
is carried outinthe followingoperating conditions:different ranges
of water partial pressure andspace velocity, temperature473
K,pressure 0.5 MPa and H
2
/CO=2 (Table 1).
Co/SiO
2
(12.7 wt%, 1.75 g 100- to-180 µm particles) catalyst
used, here, first, was diluted by the SiO
2
(2.8 g, 100-to 180-µm
particles), then it was reduced by H
2
(12×10
3
Cm
3
/h. g-Cat) for 1
hour within reactor while being heated to 598 K at 0.17 K/S.The
FTSrates and selectivity were measured by an isothermal reactor
with plug-flow hydrodynamics. FT reactions were carried out at