201O Intenational Conference On Computer Design And Appliations (ICCDA 2010)
Integrating Usability Engineering and Agile Software Development:
A Literature Review
Osama Sohaib
College of Computing and Information Sciences
PAF-KIET
Karachi, Pakistan
osama.sohaib@gmail.com
Abstract - The various agile software development
methodologies have promoted since their inception and even
demanded high degree to improve the quality of the software
product. Usability engineering has made its way into the
software mainstream and has caught the attention of software
engineers and researchers worldwide due to rapidly growing
and volatile internet software industry, despite their diferent
perspectives on creating software both have a major role in
making good sotware. Usability focuses on how the end users
will work with the software and agile development focuses on
how the sotware should be developed. The way these two
perspectives are being combined in practice is still not well
understood. This study is a preliminary literature review that
describes the key question that how usability-engineering
practices should be integrated with agile software development
in order to make stronger and efective usable software system.
This paper focuses on identiying the tensions between
usability and agile methods. The research aim is to identiy the
common approach of agile methods and usability engineering
by surveying extensive related work on integration of usability
and agile methods.
Kewords - usabiliy; user-centered design; agle development;
treme programming P);
I. INTRODUCTION
Sotware plays a signiicant role in lives of persons and in
severe competition between companies. That is why
Sotware Engineering (SE) is a discipline, which is not shy
of introducing new methodologies, and is clearly maturing
on complex projects with great achievements. In the past
few decades, the issue of how sotware process development
and improvement has been discussed that how it should
organize in order to deliver faster, better, and cheaper
solutions. Large numbers of diferent approaches to
sotware development have introduced, of which only few
have survived for used today. In recent years, so-called agile
methodologies have become increasingly popular. These
processes are intended to support iteration rather than
traditional development methodology phases and focusing
on continual interaction between developers and customers
[1]. Ater the completion of iteration, the project team
discusses and seeks solutions of the problems discovered in
the last iteration. Many of the suggestions for improvement
have come rom experienced practitioners, who have
Khalid Khan
College of Computing and Information Sciences
PAF-KIET
Karachi, Pakistan
khalid.khan@pakiet.edu.pk
labeled their methods agile sotware development. While
the elements of usability engineering model according to
Nielson [2] is early focus on users, user participation in the
design, coordination of the diferent parts of the user
interface, empirical user testing, and iterative revision of
designs based on the test results. Although agile methods
share, some of the same aims as usabiliy but there are also
distinct diferences. From the perspective of usability and
user-centered design, however, agile methods do not
inherently provide the required support to the development
process. In fact, the agile and user-centered approaches have
the potential to work vey well together. Many researchers
have discussed the integration of usability and agile
methods. This paper tries to combine these inding into a
cogent wholeness by addressing the following research
questions.
RQ 1. What tensions between usability engineering and
agile methods have been identiied in related research that
makes them diicult to integrate?
RQ2. What approaches have been suggested in order to
integrate usability and agile methods?
The work is organized as follows. Section 2 gives an
overview and background of the agile development and the
need for usabiliy. Section 3 presents extensive related
studies about how usability and agile might work together.
Section 4 provides some insights rom the literature review
and presents an integrated approach. Finally, the study is
concluded and leaves an open issue.
II. BACKGROUND
In this section, the literature is used to present some
background on agile development and on the need for
usability.
A. Agile development overview
The term agile can be deined as "characterized by
quickness, lightness, and ease of movement; nimble"
(dictionary.com) the term lightweight is also used for agile
and has increased the public ttention in late 1990's [3]. One
of the primay causes of sotware project failure is the
extended period of time it took to develop a system. Agile
methods were developed to develop systems more quickly
with limited time spent on analysis and design. Agile
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