International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (IJIREM) ISSN: 2350-0557, Volume-3, Issue-2, March-2016 Copyright © 2016. Innovative Research Publications. All Rights Reserved 125 Discrimination Between Normal And Diseased Stomach Using Speckle Imaging A.M. Hamed Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt ABSTRACT We investigate the Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)using the speckle imaging. The speckle images are computed from the convolution product of Fourier transform of the diffuser and Fourier spectrum of the original image. In addition, contour and digital images are given. This study is made since this disease is still affect a great cluster of peoples in the developed countries. The Mat- Lab code is used for the computation of speckle and other images. Keywords Speckle imaging, FFT algorithm, Mat- Lab code, digital images, Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) 1. INTRODUCTION Electronic video endoscopy is commonly performed for a wide variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures due to the advent of miniature CCD cameras and associated microelectronics. In minimally invasive surgical procedures, endoscopes that are inserted through natural orifices of the body, or small incisions, illuminate the surgical region of interest and transmit camera images to a video monitor. Computerized image processing techniques are gaining popularity to assist the clinician in diagnosing the related disease conditions [1]. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) commonly known as acid reflux disease affects nearly 20 % and more people in US and all over the world [2]. It is a condition wherein the contents of stomach escape into the esophagus causing erosion of esophageal mucosa. It manifests as a burning sensation also referred to as heart burn [3]. The cause of heart burn may be due to laxity of the LES (Lower Esophageal Sphintcer) a valve between the stomach and the esophagus, which normally does not allow contents of the stomach to escape in the esophagus. The contents of the stomach, which are at a low pH of 1-3, escape into the esophagus with a much higher pH 5-7. This causes inflammation [4,5] and ultimately erosion of the esophageal mucosa which is termed as Esophagitis.In recent publications, esophagitis and diagnosis of cancer stomach using image processing techniques are investigated as in [6, 7]. A combination of image processing algorithms, local binary pattern algorithm, and support vector machine is considered in [7]. In this study, we investigate the images of diseased, normal stomach,and GERD using speckle imaging technique. Contour and digital images of the inflamed stomach are obtained compared with the normal stomach images. In addition the contour and digital GERD image is made. Results and discussion are given. 2. ANALYSIS The RGB color images are transformed to gray scale and resized images using the following Mat- Lab codes: Gray scale image = Rgb2gray (color image); (1) Resized image (512, 512) = imresize (gray scale image, [512, 512]). (2) The contour of the image is given by the code: Contour = contour(gray scale image) (3) The difference between the two images is given by the code: Difference= image (A) - image (B). (4) The ordinary speckle image can be computed by operating the Fourier transform upon the complex amplitude of the diffuser limited by a circular aperture. The diffuser function represented as follows: Where a(x, y) is the amplitude of the diffuser, and is its phase which has randomly distributed function. In matrix form, the diffuser function is represented as follows: The cir (x, y) is defined as: = 0 otherwise The Fourier transform of the diffuser function which is limited by the circular aperture gives the ordinary complex amplitude of speckle. Itis computed from the following analytical function: In symbolic form, equation (8) is rewritten as the convolution product of the Fourier transform of the diffuser and the Fourier spectrum of the diffuser as: : Fourier transformation of the diffuser, and is the F.T. of the circle. While the speckle image under study considers the multiplication of the following object function located behind the diffuser and limited by a circular aperture. Hence, the diffuser limited by the circular aperture, equation (5), is multiplied by the object