are still finding ways to make the subject interesting through a re-examination of myriad sources and by using different types of evidence. Jeffrey Reznick’s book does both in focusing on the culture of caregiving during the Great War. Caregiving, as defined by Reznick, encompasses the work of health institutions and organizations, medical knowl- edge, and the complex social relationships, both institutional and individual, that weave each of these together within the war machine. The book covers a very broad range of sites of caregiving, from rest-huts for the combat-fatigued to hospitals designed to restore disabled ex-servicemen as productive workers. The first chapter focuses on the role of church groups such as the YMCA, the Salvation Army, and the Church Army, and the provision of rest huts for battle- weary soldiers. Not only did these groups supply comforts, such as a restful and welcoming home away from home atmosphere in the midst of the madness of trench warfare, they also provided caregiving in the form of moral teaching, games, and activities and created an alternative to the less healthy activity of visiting brothels. Reznick moves from the battle-weary to the wounded soldier and examines the function of the military hospital as caregiver, showing that hospitals were not simply venues at which servicemen could recover from injuries or illness. They also allowed members of the public access to healing sites, creating a context for them to demon- strate their appreciation of the soldiers’ efforts overseas. However, the type of care pro- vided may sometimes have caused unhappiness and disruption for the weary, injured, or disabled serviceman, particularly in a hospital setting. Reznick notes the little researched function of hospital magazines in forming relationships, establishing camaraderie, and allowing those in the institutions an outlet to express their real feelings about their surroundings. The impact of the hospitals on identity is examined further in a chapter on war-time convalescence. Here, Reznick examines the experience of patients through the wearing of hospital blues, pocketless, bright blue suits which indicated that a serviceman was recovering from injury sustained in battle. Reznick argues that such apparel comprised an assault of the war machine on [bodies] (p. 112). The final chapter examines those on whom the war had a permanent and debilitating effect, particularly disabled ex-servicemen. The work of the Shepherds Bush Hospital, which provided surgical after-care in curative workshops, is also discussed. This is an innovative study. Using unusual sources, or already well-known ones in a creative way, it illuminates the nooks and crannies of military hospital life, giving the reader an insight into the internal identity of the Tommy and the perceptions of him developed by those concerned with caregiving. This is an interesting study, which makes a valuable addition to the cultural history of war. Julie Anderson University of Manchester doi: 10.1093/shm/hki069 Ruth Rogaski, Hygienic Modernity: Meanings of Health and Disease in Treaty-Port China, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. Pp. 415. £35.95 (hbk). ISBN 0–520–24001–4. Located just over 100 kilometers southeast of Beijing, the city of Tianjin is today one of China’s busiest ports and one of its most modern cities. In this remarkable study, Ruth Rogaski examines the changing meanings of health over the period of roughly a century in what was one of China’s largest treaty-ports. Utilizing a dazzling array of source materials, including materials from British and local Chinese archives, Rogaski Book Reviews 518 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/shm/article-abstract/18/3/518/1691591 by Case Western Reserve University user on 22 February 2018