978-1-5386-4699-1/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE
A New Slip Surface Sliding Mode Controller to
Implement MPPT Method in Photovoltaic System
Amir Shahdadi
Faculty of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan
amir.shahdadi@pgs.usb.ac.ir
Ahmad Khajeh
Faculty of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan
akhajeh@ece.usb.ac.ir
S. Masoud Barakati
Faculty of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
University of Sistan and
Baluchestan
smbaraka@ece.usb.ac.ir
Abstract— Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has
important role in a photovoltaic system (PV) control. The
nonlinear nature of photovoltaic systems has led researchers to
use nonlinear controllers to attain maximum power from PV. A
DC-DC converter is utilized to implement MPPT in addition to
regulate the output voltage. In this paper, a sliding mode control
is proposed based on a new slip surface on a single-ended
primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) which is used as the DC-DC
converter. To examine the system performance, three different
modes of operation are analyzed. Simulation results verify the
effectiveness of the proposed system under different transients.
Keywords— photovoltaic standalone systems, sliding mode
control, SEPIC converter, slip surface.
I. INTRODUCTION
Penetration of photovoltaic systems has been increased in
power grids in recent years. To increase the efficiency of the
photovoltaic systems, an optimal control called maximum
power point tracking (MPPT) is often used [1]. The MPPT can
be implemented in PV systems in three different methods: on-
line, off-line, and hybrid [2, 3]. Off-line methods are known as
the cheapest and simplest methods. However, disadvantage of
this method is due to the fact that it does not have enough
precision performance because it uses off-line sampling of PV
parameters, results in approximated values of the coefficients
to track the MPPT [4-6]. In order to achieve sufficient
accuracy, it is necessary to sample the parameters on-line. The
only disadvantage of on-line methods is low speed compared to
off-line methods. The hybrid method, as the name implies, is a
combination of off-line and on-line methods [7, 8]. Therefore,
both advantages in hybrid techniques, the fast speed of off-line
methods and the accuracy of online methods can be achieved in
the hybrid method. According to the above, it can be guessed
that the cost of these methods will be higher. Recent studies
focus more on online methods, including two commonly used
methods: Perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm [9, 10]
and incremental conductance (INC) algorithm [11, 12].
A photovoltaic system is inherently a nonlinear system and
the switching of power electronics converter is essentially
nonlinear [13]. Many MPPT methods are based on
linearization of the system around the point of operation to
obtain controller coefficients. Therefore, the controller does not
warranty the accurate operation of the system in all areas.
Accordingly, using of nonlinear controllers will be more
favorable.
There some published works in the literature that show the
application of nonlinear control for MPPT. In [15] used a
controller based on energy-sampled data model of the PV
system for MPPT, an adaptive controller has been proposed for
MPPT in [16] and sliding mode controller applied to track
maximum power in [17].
In this paper, to achieve the MPPT the sliding mode
controller using a single-ended primary-inductor converter
(SEPIC) will be studied in order to adjust the voltage of the PV
panel. The SEPIC converter offers a better performance in
comparison with conventional buck-boost converter. In the
sliding mode controller a new slip surface is proposed, which
increases the speed and accuracy of the system, as well as the
system's resistance.
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Sliding mode
control and sliding surfaces are discussed in section 2. In
section 3, modeling and sliding mode control of the SEPIC
converter connected to the PV system is presented. The
simulation results are provided in section 4. Finally, section 5
concludes the paper.
II. SLIDING MODE CONTROL
A. Selecting the slip surface
The slip surface is known as one of the basic concepts in
controlling sliding mode. S in sliding mode control is usually
introduced as a slip surface. The slip surface establishes a
relationship between system dynamics based on control
objectives. Achieving of the slip surface by using the switch
operation and the stability of the system dynamics on it is one
of the main conditions for achieving control objectives [19,
20]. In fact, in order to use a sliding mode controller in
converters based on switching, the system should control the
relationship between the slip surface changes and the state of
the switching. The switching states should be selected so that
the system dynamics will always remain on the slip surface
(S=0 or availability condition). In addition, the switching
signal should be in the open range of zero and one when the
dynamics are on the slip surface (control equivalent condition)
[5].
2018 9th Annual Power Electronics, Drives Systems and Technologies Conference (PEDSTC)
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