Original Research Article DOI: 10.18231/2393-9087.2018.0009 Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, January-March, 2018;5(1):37-39 37 Hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of PAVETTA INDICA LINN leaves M. Premchand Singh 1 , Varkung Valte 2,* , Indira Raleng 3 , S. Losica RK 4 1,3,4 Post graduate trainee, 2 Associate Professor, Dept. of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Porompat, Imphal, Manipur, India *Corresponding Author: Email: varkvalte@gmail.com Abstract Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of Pavetta Indica Linn leaves. Traditionally, the bark of Pavetta Indica Linn., in decoction or pulverized, is administered, especially to children, to correct visceral obstructions. The decocted leaves are used externally to alleviate the pains caused by hemorrhoids. The root, pulverized and mixed with the ginger and rice-water, is given in dropsy. A local fomentation with the leaves is useful in relieving the pain of piles. Paracetamol (PCM) - Hepatotoxin- generates free radicals and raised serum enzyme levels-SGPT, SGOT, AlkPho, S.Alb. It causes necrosis, congested vessels, multifocal area of fatty changes nuclear disintegration, sinusoidal dilation, kuffer cell hyperplasia. The reverse is considered as the index of hepatoprotective activity. To screen hepatoprotective action this study has been taken up. Materials and Methods: The acute liver damage in albino rats was induced byper oral administration of a single dose of 2000mg/kg b.w. PCMsuspension in 0.5% Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and chronic liver damage by giving the same dose of PCM on the 7 th day. The hepatoprotective activity was monitored biochemically by estimating S. transaminase, S. bilirubin and S. Proteinon the 8 th day of experiment. Results: Ethanol extract of P. Indica inhibited PCM induced liver toxicity in albino rats at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg b.w as assessed by the biochemical values. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of “P. Indica” exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity. Keywords: Pavetta Indica Linn, Hepatoprotective activity, Silymarin, Paracetamol, Carboxy methyl cellulose. Plant material and extract P. Indica leaves were collected randomly from Imphal east district of Manipur State, and authentication of the plant was done by Department of life sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Manipur state. Kiritkar KR et al 1 and Thabrew MI 2 et al reported that the plant leaves were used in the treatment of liver diseases, pain of piles, urinary diseases and fever. Ethanol extract of P.Indica leaves was obtained by the extraction procedure as described by Chattopadhyay 3 with slight modification.Powder leaves was defatted with petroleum ether(60-80 c) and Soxhlet extraction with 99.9% ethanol.Further the ethanol extract was distilled and solvent ethanol removed. The residue extract was dried and measured. The yield was 28 gm. The extract thus obtained was used as the study material in the entire study for its hepatoprotective activity in albino rats.Various phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and their glycosides, alkaloids, sterols, phenolics, lignins, terpenoids, coumarins, fatty acids, saponins have been isolated from this plant. 4 Recent time, focus in plant research has increased all over the world and a large body of evidence has collected to show immense potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional system. 5 Toxicity Testing Acute oral toxicity study for the test extract of P. Indicawas carried out using OECD/OCED Guideline 425. 6 The test procedure minimizes the no. of animals required to estimate the oral acute toxicity. Healthy, young adult albino rats (100-200g) were used for this study. 1/10 th -1/20 th of acute toxicity dose (2000mg) was taken as daily dose in the experimental models. Hepatoprotective studies For the study of hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of P. Indica leaves, the method of Rajasekaran A et al 7 was followed with slight modification. Singh BN and Saravanan N 8 evaluated the aqueous extract of P.Indica leaves against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. It showed a decreased in the serum enzymatic level of ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin. The effects produced were comparable to that of a standard hepatoprotective agent. The results indicated that the P.Indica leaves possessed significant hepatoprotective activity. Muthu AK et al 9 clearly indicated the methanolic extract of P.Indica showed strong antioxidant activity by inhibiting super oxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical scavenging activities when compared with standard quercetin and ascorbate.