ISSN: 2277-9655
[SAMBOJU* et al., 7(5): May, 2018] Impact Factor: 5.164
IC™ Value: 3.00 CODEN: IJESS7
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IJESRT
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH
TECHNOLOGY
OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE
MACHINING PROCESS BY USING TAGUCHI METHOD
S. AJAY KUMAR
*1
, K. SANTOSH KUMAR
2
, K PRUDHVI RAJ
3
1
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, MGIT, Hyderabad.
2,3
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, MGIT, Hyderabad
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1241436
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research study is to investigate the optimal process parameters of Electric Discharge
Machining on RENE80 nickel super alloy material with aluminum as a tool electrode. The effect of various
process parameters on machining performance is investigated in this study. The input parameters considered are
current, pulse on time and pulse off time are used for experimental work and their effect on Material Removal
Rate, Tool Wear Rate and Surface Roughness. The Taguchi method is used to formulate the experimental
layout, ANOVA method is used to analysis the effect of input process parameters on the machining
characteristics and find the optimal process parameters of Electric Discharge Machining. The results of the
present work reveal that proper selection of input parameters will play a significant role in Electric Discharge
Machining.
KEYWORDS: Electrical Discharge Machining, orthogonal array, metal removal rate, tool wear rate ANOVA.
I. INTRODUCTION
Electric Discharge machining (EDM) is a thermo-electric, non-traditional machining process used to machine
precise and intricate shapes on difficult to cut materials and super tough metals such as ceramics, maraging
steels, cast-alloys, titanium which are widely used in defence and aerospace industries. Electrical energy is used
to generate electrical sparks and material removal mainly occurs due to localized melting and vaporization of
material which is carried away by the dielectric fluid flow between the electrodes. The performance of this
process is mainly influenced by many electrical parameters like, current, voltage, polarity, and pulse on time,
pulse of time, electrode gap and also on non-electrical parameters like work and tool material, dielectric fluid
pressure. All these electrical and non electrical parameters have a significant effect on the EDM output
parameters like, Metal Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness(SR). The EDM is
very complex and stochastic process and is very difficult to determine the optimal machining parameters. In the
present study the output responses MRR, TWR and SR are conflicting in nature. MRR reflects the productivity
and tool wear reflects the accuracy of the product. So in this work it was proposed to study the effects of
different input parameter current, pulse on time and pulse off time on Material removal rate, Tool wear rate and
Surface roughness with EDM oil as a dielectric. The experimental design has been done by using Taguchi
technique. The response has been analyzed using S/N ratio and analysis of Variance.
II. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
The experiments were conducted on V3525 precision die sink electric discharge machine as shown in Fig.1
which consist a work table, a servo control system and a dielectric supply system. The machine has 8 current
settings from 3A to 24A, 9 settings of pulse on time, 9 settings of pulse off time and spark gap of 50-75 microns
The experiments are conducted on RENE80 Nickel Super alloy(Russian grade -RZ) and the work piece
dimensions are 70 mm x 35 mm x 5 mm. Work piece material properties are: Hardness (HRC)= 43-45, density
(g/cm 3 )=8.16, Ultimate tensile strength (Kg/mm 2) =85, Elongation % =3, Creep strength ( 0 C) = 975.
Thermal conductivity (W/m 0 K)= 11.50. The tool material used is aluminum- density 2.70 gm/cm 3 and
thermal conductivity 237 w/m 0 k and the machining is done with straight polarity. EDM oil Grade 30 is used as
the dielectric fluid and the experiments were performed for a particular set of input parameters. The number of
experiments and, input levels are decided based on the design of experiments and the input parameters and their
levels are presented in Table 1. The MRR and TWR are calculated using digital balance of accuracy 1mg and