Studii de Preistorie 14, 2017, p. 93‐109.
Technological analysis of Boian‐Vidra pottery
from Sultana
Vasile OPRIȘ
Cătălin LAZĂR
Theodor IGNAT
Abstract: The site at Sultana is located on the high terrace of the Mostiștea Lake, Southern Romania,
and it belongs to the Eneolithic period (ca. 5000‐3900 cal. BC). The site consists of an Early Eneolithic flat
settlement (Boian‐Vidra), a Middle Eneolithic tell settlement (Gumelnița), and a common cemetery used by both
communities. The aim of this paper is to study the technological characteristics of the Boian‐Vidra pottery from
Sultana by performing a macroscopic analysis on pottery sherds discovered in three pits. At a site scale, interesting
results were obtained on paste recipes, forming sequences, surface treatments, decoration, and firing. At a macro‐
regional scale, some of the results can be seen as significant transformations of pottery technology from the Late
Neolithic to the Early Eneolithic period in the Lower Danube region.
Rezumat: Situl de la Sultana este situat pe terasa înaltă a lacului Mostiștea, în sudul României și
aparține perioadei eneolitice (cca. 5000‐3900 cal. BC). Situl este alcătuit dintr‐o așezare plană din eneoliticul
timpuriu (Boian‐Vidra), o așezare de tip tell din eneoliticul mijlociu (Gumelnița) și un cimitir comun folosit de
ambele comunități. Scopul acestei lucrări este de a studia caracteristicile tehnologice ale ceramicii Boian‐Vidra de
la Sultana prin efectuarea unei analize macroscopice asupra fragmentelor ceramice descoperite în trei gropi. La o
scară locală, s‐au obținut rezultate interesante despre rețetele de pastă, modalitățile de modelare, tratamentele
suprafețelor, decorare și ardere. La scară macroregională, unele dintre ele reprezintă transformări semnificative
ale tehnologiei ceramice de la perioada neolitică târzie la perioada eneolitică timpurie în regiunea Dunării de Jos.
Keywords: Eneolithic, Boian, Vidra, pottery, technology.
Cuvinte cheie: eneolitic, Boian, Vidra, ceramică, tehnologie.
1. Introduction
The beginning of the Boian culture is dated at the end of the Middle Neolithic (ca. 5200
BC), but its last phases (Vidra and Spanțov) correspond to the beginning of the Early Eneolithic
period in the Lower Danube area (Vl. Dumitrescu 1973, p. 28; P. Hașotti 1997, p. 72). The
former
14
C dates for Vidra and Spanțov phases show a general period that spam between 5000
and 4500 BC (C. Bem 2001, p. 39‐43; D. Bailey et alii 2002, p. 352; S. Bréhard, A. Bălășescu 2012).
The discourse of Romanian archaeologists about the Boian material culture was
dominated by the cultural‐history approach. Thus, the pottery was “a specific and essential
element in determining the phases of Boian culture” (E. Comșa 1954, p. 372). The most known
division is the four phases model (Comșa 1974). In chronological order, these phases are
known as Bolintineanu, Giulești, Vidra and Spanțov (or transitional phase to Gumelnița
Bucharest Municipality Museum, 2 I.C. Brătianu Blvd, 030171, Bucharest, Romania;
vasilelieopris@yahoo.com, theodor_ignat@yahoo.com.
National History Museum of Romania, 12 Calea Victoriei, 030026, Bucharest, Romania/University of
Bucharest, 36‐46 M. Kogălniceanu Blvd, 050107, Bucharest, Romania; lazarc@arheologie.ro.