Language Teaching Research 13,2 (2009); pp. 223–229
© The Author(s), 2009. Reprints and permissions: http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalspermissions.nav
10.1177/1362168809103452
Book reviews
Hedy M. McGarrell (Ed.) (2007). Language teacher research in the
Americas. Alexandria, VA: TESOL. 203 pp. $29.95 (TESOL non-member),
$22.95 (TESOL member) (paperback). ISBN 978-1931185424.
Traditionally, the story of language teaching has been told by university-
based researchers, who have produced the knowledge base for language
teachers. In constructing this story, researchers have been awarded the status
of experts, and evidence suggests that teachers have passively accepted a role
as consumers of the work of academic experts (Stewart, 2006). As Freeman
(1998) contends, teaching has been thought of as an activity that academics
research and teachers do. Stewart (2006), however, observes that many lan-
guage teachers today are ‘taking control over their professional development
by researching their own practice’ (p. 425–426). This evolution is evident
in the growing literature on teacher-led inquiry, including for example the
‘Practitioner research’ section edited by Dick Allwright in this journal.
Following in a similar vein, Language Teacher Research in the Americas
is a collection of studies conducted by language teachers as part of the
progressive movement toward taking control over their own professional
development, and exploring and transforming their practices. This anthol-
ogy illustrates how teachers at all levels can act as knowledge producers in
reshaping the landscape of TESOL’s professional knowledge base (Freeman
and Johnson, 1998).
The book begins with an introductory chapter in which the editor briefly
discusses the growing shift toward teacher-led research and the potential insti-
tutional obstacles in doing teacher research. The introduction is followed by
12 original contributions from teacher researchers representing various educa-
tional and sociocultural contexts in the Americas: Brazil, Canada, Columbia,
Costa Rica, Ecuador, Jamaica and the USA. Each chapter follows the teacher-
research cycle (Freeman, 1998). Similar to the traditional academic research
genre, each chapter begins with an introduction (referred to as ‘Issue’ in this
book), followed by background literature, procedures and results. A depar-
ture from this genre, however, is the inclusion of a ‘Reflection’ section, in
which the authors examine how the inquiries have changed their practices.
Additionally, rather than being thematically organized, the contributions are
arranged alphabetically, according to the first author’s surname.
Due to the diversity of topics and contexts covered in this book, I highlight
here just a few of the contributions in order to illustrate the range of issues and
insights revealed. In exploring the links between teaching and testing, Angela
Bailey, Lourdes Rey and Nayibe Rosado explain how research helped them
understand that their classroom practices in a Columbian university were
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