Citation: Garg RK, Mishra V, Batav N and Singh RK. Low Heterozygosity and Gene Flow Obtained in Hatchery Raised Populations of Catla Catla (Ham, 1822) as Compared to Feral Population Identiied Through DNA Fingerprinting. Austin J Proteomics Bioinform & Genomics. 2017; 4(1): 1019. Austin J Proteomics Bioinform & Genomics - Volume 4 Issue 1 - 2017 ISSN : 2471-0423 | www.austinpublishinggroup.com Garg et al. © All rights are reserved Austin Journal of Proteomics, Bioinformatics & Genomics Open Access Abstract The present investigation focused to revealed gene low and genetic differentiation among riverine (Narmada river, n=04), reservoir (Tighra reservoir, n=04 and hatchery raised (Fish Federation Pond, n=07; Khatik Fish Farm, n=05) populations of Catla Catla (Hamilton, 1822) of Madhya Pradesh. Results clearly relected as Riverine>Reservoir>Fish Federation Pond>Khatik Fish Farm gene low and even all parameter analyzed for genetic divergence among the populations. Nei’s gene diversity (h) was observed as 0.1382 in Fish Federation Pond, 0.1342 and 0.1739 in Khatik Fish Farm and Narmada River, 0.1490 populations relecting much higher gene diversity in feral population. The Genetic Differentiation (GST) among the populations was found as GST=0.2380, estimates of gene low between population (Nm=1.6010), intra- population heterozygosity as HS 0.2457 and total heterozygosity as HT=0.3225 clearly relecting less genetic differentiation as overall when compared to other ish populations. Analyses genetic polymorphism (P) as 38.59% in hatchery raised population was obtained which as well much slighter as compared to wild populations since 60.30 in Narmada River and 51.63 in Tighra reservoir have been obtained. Overall research indicates that, as compared to wild stock, the genetic changes including reduced genetic diversity have taken place in hatched stocks. This baseline information on genetic variation would be useful for planning intended for effective strategies for conservation and remediation of Catla Catla freshwater ish species. Keywords: Genetic divergence, Gene diversity (Hpop), Gene low (Nm, GST), Genetic polymorphism (P), Genetic Differentiation (FST) he decrease of biodiversity and limited resources for surveying it, have forced researchers to devise short- cuts for biodiversity surveys and conservation planning [4-6]. Small, geographically isolated populations are vulnerable to random demographic and environmental efects and typically have reduced levels of genetic diversity at the species [7-9]. Small populations are also more vulnerable to inbreeding depression and genetic drit, leading to reductions in genetic variability and decreased itness. Furthermore, low levels of genetic variation in populations of rare species can potentially inhibit their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions that can exacerbate risks of extinction [10-12]. he Catla Catla Fish is widely distributed in major rivers of India especially in gangetic river systems and their tributaries including major reservoirs [13,14]. It is good for food for economically weak communities due to low price in the market. It has enormous potential for high productivity and is known for its nutritive and therapeutic qualities. he present study endeavored to build upon previous studies on genetic structure and potential genetic efects of four stocking populations of C. Catla i.e., lotic habitat (Narmada river), lentic habitat (Tighra reservoir) and two man-made habitats (Fish Federation Pond and Khatik Fish Farm, Bhopal) for identiication Introduction Freshwater animals have been much greater losses than animals found in terrestrial ecosystems, and freshwater ishes are among the world’s most endangered vertebrates [1]. Most of the ish used for human consumption is obtained through exploitation of wild populations. Allelic diversity (richness) is one of the most important and commonly used estimators of genetic diversity in populations. It strongly depends on the efective population size and past evolutionary history [2]. However, the number of observed alleles and their frequency distribution also depend on the sample size and the genetic marker system used. hus, a practical method for reliable estimation of genetic diversity parameters in large populations is needed for population genetic studies and to develop scientiically sound strategies for genetic resource conservation. RAPD technique evaluates the genetic disparity within or between the taxa of concern by assessing the occurrence or lack of each product, which is directed by alteration in the DNA sequence at each locus [3]. Conservation biologists have to work in the face of continuously increasing anthropogenic pressures and inadequate resources for cataloguing biodiversity in the remaining near- pristine ecosystems. Research Article Low Heterozygosity and Gene Flow Obtained in Hatchery Raised Populations of Catla Catla (Ham, 1822) as Compared to Feral Population Identiied Through DNA Fingerprinting Garg RK*, Mishra V, Batav N and Singh RK Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, M.P. Council of Science and Technology, India *Corresponding author: RK Garg, Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, Council of Science and Technology, Bhopal, Madyapradesh, India Received: April 13, 2017; Accepted: June 16, 2017; Published: June 23, 2017