978-1-5386-4225-2/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE Towards Implementing Lean Construction in the Moroccan Construction Industry: Survey Study Mohamed Saad Bajjou Department of Industrial engineering Laboratory of Industrial Techniques, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez, Morocco Mohamedsaad.bajjou@usmba.ac.ma Anas Chafi Department of Industrial engineering Laboratory of Industrial Techniques, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez, Morocco anaschafi@gmail.com Abstract—Traditional construction management techniques are criticized by its inability to deliver construction projects on time, with the quality requested by the customer, and without cost overrun. It has become crucial for Moroccan construction practitioners to seek creative approach and to look for new ways of thinking in order to resist to the increasing competition and to survive with market constraints, especially when compared to the significant improvements achieved in the Moroccan manufacturing industry. Lean Construction (LC) is a very effective approach to design production systems for the purpose of reducing waste of time, of materials, and effort as well as generating the maximum possible amount of value. Lean construction has been introduced into the Moroccan construction industry; however, it is still in its infancy. Based on a structured questionnaire survey, this article aims to evaluate the perceptions of the Moroccan construction professionals on the Lean Construction implementation in the Moroccan construction industry. To achieve this objective, a total of 330 responses were collected and then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V20.0 for Windows). The following conclusions were made, more than half of the respondents (172 professional; 52.1%) think that Lean Construction approach is adapted to any size of Moroccan companies; the respondents agreed that Lean Construction implementation would add positive impacts to the Moroccan construction projects (with an overall mean value of 3.84); LC is a high priority for the Moroccan construction projects (with an overall mean value of 3.84). Keywords— Lean Construction; Questionnaire survey; Moroccan construction industry; I. INTRODUCTION The construction industry is considered a sector of activity characterized by a significant participation in economic growth. In Morocco, the construction sector contributed by 6.3% of total value added [1] . It employs nearly one million people (9.3% of the active population) [2]. Although the construction industry contributes tangibly in reducing the unemployment rate and strengthening the national economy, this sector is also facing many challenges: projects delay, cost overrun, low quality, and it is considered within the most polluting sectors [2]–[6]. Construction projects in Morocco generally have low performances, which is mainly caused by huge cost and time overruns [7]. Furthermore, the Moroccan construction companies are also characterized by a massive waste generation pushing them urgently to meet new creative management system at the aims to minimize the impact of waste and improve the performance of construction projects. To overcome these challenges, LC philosophy has been introduced into the Moroccan construction industry, but it still in its infancy. The LC approach derives essentially from Lean Manufacturing, and especially from the Toyota Production System (TPS) [6], [8], [9]. It aims to deliver construction projects while meeting customers’ requirements through waste reduction and value maximization [10], [11]. Furthermore, LC promotes continuous improvement by encouraging people involvement from the employee to the top management [12]– [14]. To increase the awareness of the LC techniques in the Moroccan construction industry, an overview of the current understanding of LC implementation is urgently needed. However, no such studies have been done in the current body of knowledge. Therefore, this survey study aims to explore the perception of the Moroccan construction professional about the LC implementation at the national level. Through a structured questionnaire survey of 330 construction professionals in the construction industry in morocco, this study mainly investigates (1) Suitability of LC to Moroccan construction companies, (2) Benefits of LC implementation on the performance of Moroccan construction projects, and (3) Priority of LC philosophy for the Moroccan construction projects. II. LITERATURE REVIEW Lean is a management system that has already shown his great performances in the manufacturing industry, specifically in the automotive sector. Lean manufacturing system derives from Japanese manufacturing industry, especially from Toyota Production System (TPS) [15]. There is no doubt now that the lean production approach has become very popular by its ability to achieve industrial excellence for the manufacturing sector through waste minimization, and it spreads gradually