IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) e- ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 7, Issue 3 Ver. V (May-June .2018), PP 63-67 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1959-0703056367 www.iosrjournals.org 63 | Page Socio-Demographic Determinants Influencing Prevalence Of Tuberculosis Among People Living In Bumble Sub County, Bingaman County, Kenya Magomere, Robert Shihuzire1, Angira C.H.O 2 , Konyole S.O 3 . Obwoge Ronald Omenge 4 1. County Coordinator Tuberculosis and Leprosy Services, Bungoma County, Bungoma, Kenya 2. School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Odinga Oginga University of Science and Technology. 3. School of Public Health, Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology. 4. Department of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University Corresponding Author: Magomere, Robert Shihuzire Abstract : Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can affect other sites as well (extra pulmonary TB). The classic symptoms of active Tuberculosis (TB) are cough with or without sputum containing blood, fever, night sweat, and weight loss. Tuberculosis is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the lungs that spreads through air when a person speaks coughs or sneezes. Up to 9.6 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died from the disease in 2014. The tuberculosis prevalence in Bumula sub-County is high, there were 200 patients diagnosed with TB between the months of January 2016- December 2016 in the Sub County, and a case notification rate of 454 cases per 100,000 people. The aim of the study was to establish the socio-demographic determinants influencing Tuberculosis prevalence in Bumula Sub-County. The study design was descriptive cross-sectional design. A interview guide was used for data collection from all the 200 clients who had Tuberculosis. Data analysis was done using SPSS. Findings showed that the mean age of the participants was 42.92 ± 1.133 years, men 113 (56.5%) were more affected by TB than female 87 (43.5%). Age (χ2=20.973, df=5, p=0.001). The marital status (χ2=11.414, df=2, p=0.003), level of education (χ2=4.955, df=3, p=0.044) were determinants affecting prevalence of TB in Bumula sub county. Keywords– Prevalence, Tuberculosis, Microscopic confirmation, Socio-demographic factors --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 21-05-2018 Date of acceptance: 05-06-2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can affect other sites as well (extra pulmonary TB) (WHO, 2015). Tuberculosis transmission occurs through droplet nuclei containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which are expelled by smear-positive pulmonary TB patients when coughing and sneezing, and remain suspended in the air. Inhalation of such aerosols may lead to infection. After close contact with an infectious case, 30–50 % of exposed susceptible contacts acquire latent TB infection (LTBI) (Lienhardt et al., 2003). Overall, a relatively small proportion (5–15%) of the estimated 2–3 billion people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will develop TB disease during their lifetime. However, the probability of developing TB is much higher among people infected with HIV (Tiemersma et al., 2011). The most common method for diagnosing TB worldwide remains sputum smear microscopy. In the last few years there are developments of new TB diagnostics methods, the use of rapid molecular tests to diagnose TB and drug-resistant TB, some countries are now phasing out use of smear microscopy (WHO 2015). Individuals are classified as Tuberculosis (TB) cases if they are either: culture positive with positive smear examination confirmed by nucleic acid amplification testing, or had clinical and radiographic presentation consistent with TB and responded to treatment with anti-TB (WHO 2010). Up to 9.6 million people fell ill with TB in the year 2014, (12% HIV positive) 5.4 million men, 3.2 million women and 1.0 million children ,Only 6 million tuberculosis (TB) cases were notified (37% missing) (WHO 2015). In 2014, most notified TB cases were adults. Children (aged <15 years) accounted for 6.5% of notified cases (WHO 2015).