International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3195
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CRACK PATTERNS ON REINFORCED
CONCRETE BEAM
T Krishna Thulasi
1
, S Subathra
2
, T P Meikandaan
3
1
M.E. (Structural Engineering) Student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of
Engineering and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and
Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
3
Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bharath Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai,
Tamilnadu, India
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Abstract - Concrete cracks are caused by overloading,
corrosion, shrinkage or poor workmanship. When looking at a
specific cracking pattern or defect in concrete, sometimes the
causes can be attributed to a specific reason other times the
pattern may have multiple causes leading to its current state.
In better understanding some of the causes of concrete cracks
as well as different cracking pattern types, engineer,
construction managers, and other may be able to avoid major
structural catastrophes. In this experimental study, around 6
beam specimens of M20 is cast, Beam size of 1500 x 100 x 200
millimeter. During loading the pattern of cracks i.e., initial
cracks and the crack propagation is studied. Flexure and Shear
crack is studied. The ultimate capacity of beam is also studied.
Key Words: Flexure, Shear, Corrosion, Shrinkage,
Overloading, Crack propagation, Catastrophes.
1. INTRODUCTION
Concrete cracks, in fact, it is designed to crack to be
able to fully engage the reinforcing steel. Concerns with
concrete cracking come up when owners are maintenance
workers and unsure of what to look for or are unaware of
the implications of certain cracks. Some types of cracking
indicates a structural issue, when others do not indicate any
type of issue, when others do not indicate any type of issue
other than normal weathering. There are many different
causes of cracks, which can lead to different type of crack
patterns. Each type of cracking pattern can be associated
with a likely cause. If this cause is recognized, it can be
identified as structurally vital or non-vital. It is of particular
interest in discerning between these two so that the failures
and damage of these can be avoided or at least
predetermined to minimize economic damage, future
deterioration, and in severe cases the loss of human life. The
occurrence of various crack patterns in the building mostly
takes place during construction and/or after completion. A
building component develops cracks whenever the stress in
the components exceeds its strength. Stress in the building
component is caused by externally applied forces/loads.
Almost all the types of cracks in Reinforced Concrete Beams
are fundamentally defined by the principle cause or
mechanism associated with the function of cracks.
An occurrence of the cracks is often a subject that raises
numerous questions. Cracks may appear in structures, either
at the initial stage or with time. It should first of all be
accepted that cracks of some type are unavoidable in any
structure. Cracks may be only at the surface or may extend to
more than one layer of materials such as paint, plaster, walls,
or through cracks, etc., Cracks due to different causes have
varying characteristics and by the careful observations of
these characteristics, one can diagnose the cause of cracking
for adopting the appropriate remedial measures.
Allowable crack width as per IS: 456 - 2000 varies
according to climatic conditions from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
1. 1 Scope of the Investigation
1.2 Classification of Cracks - Nature Wise
1.2.1 Structural Cracks: These cracks occur due to
incorrect design, faulty construction or overloading
and these may endanger the safety of building.
Example: Extensive cracking of RCC column of any
structural element.
Fig -1: Structural Cracks
1.2.2 Non-Structural Cracks: These occur mostly due to
internally induced stresses in building materials
and do not endanger the safety of a building but
may look unsightly, or may create an impression of
faulty work or may give a feeling of instability. In
some situations due to penetration of moisture
through them, non-structural cracks may spoil the
To know the different types, nature and effects of cracks
in structure, in order to avoid major structural
catastrophes and loss of life.