International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 699 IMPACT OF LEACHATE ON GROUNDWATER AROUND VELLAKAL R. Banupriya 1 , D. Vibesh 2 , P. Surya 3 , S. Suresh 4 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Virdhunagar, Tamil Nadu, 2,3,4 Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Virdhunagar, Tamil Nadu. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - In most cities, the solid waste is dumped in open dumps without proper lining which affects the environmental media such as air, water and land. So, the present study was focused on the impact of leachate percolation on ground water quality. Leachate and ground water samples were collected from Vellakal Dump site and the surrounding areas. The leachate and ground water samples were tested for various physiochemical parameters and heavy metals. The heavy metals tested in the groundwater shows Fe and Pb in places nearer to dumpsite. The result of the test and interpolated maps of parameters shows that there is a high concentration of TDS, Total hardness,Ca 2+ ,Mg 2+ ,Cl - present in all collected ground water samples. And the western side of dumping site is highly affected by leachate intrusion. This indicates that the groundwater is affected by leachate percolation and further the groundwater is undesirable for domestic water supply and other uses.The results shows that there is a need of landfill liner in the Vellakal dumping site. Keywords: Vellakal Dumping site , Leachate, Ground Water, Water quality, BIS ,WHO 1. INTRODUCTION Madurai is the second largest city in Tamilnadu and also considered as the cultural capital of Tamilnadu. The city is located at 9.58º N latitude and 78.1º E longitudes. The city is a lotus shaped city with the world famous Sri Meenakshi Amman Temple as epicenter. Now after India’s independence, Madurai is one of the major districts of Tamilnadu state. Later on Madurai District was bifurcated into three districts namely Madurai, Dindigul and Theni Districts.. The Madurai Corporation area is divided into 4 zones, which in turn is divided into 72 wards for functional convenience by Madurai Corporation. Madurai Corporation is disposing the MSW of 450t daily in the dump yard at Vellakal near Avaniapuram, 10 km away from the center of the city. Vellakal near Avaniapuram which is having a total area of 385 acres. he site is non-engineered low lying open dump, looks like a huge heap of waste up to a height of 20 m. Trucks from different parts of the city collect and bring waste to this site and dump the waste in irregular fashion, when the waste is dumped on ground the leachate produced may contaminate groundwater. 2. STUDY AREA The present study was conducted three areas around Vellakal municipal dumping site at Madurai. Figure1. Study area map Avaniapuram is a municipality in Madurai district on the state of Tamil Nadu, India. As of 2011, the town had a population of 8635. According to 2011 census, Avaniapuram had a population of 8635 with a sex-ratio of 979 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 9,568 were under the age of six, constituting 4,830 males and 4,738 females. Tirupparankunram is a suburb Madurai district in Tamil Nadu, India. As of 2011, the town had a population of 48,810. According to 2011 census, Tirupparankundram had a population of 48,810.The town had a total of 12934 households. There were a total of 18,480 workers, comprising 109 cultivators, 386 main agricultural labourers, 516 in house hold industries, 15,926 other workers, 1,543 marginal workers, 47 marginal cultivators, 69 marginal agricultural labourers, 228 marginal workers in household industries and 1,199 other marginal workers. Perungudi is a large village located in Madurai South Taluka of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu with total 2397 families residing. The Perungudi village has population of 9081. 3. COLLECTION OF SAMPLES The Bore water or well water was purged either through pumping or bailing in wells with or without pumps respectively and samples were collected from the Bore wells in clean polyethylene bottles. The samples were collected separately for physico-chemical and heavy metal analysis. The physical and chemical parameters considered for the study include Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Electrical Conductivity (EC),Turbidity (NTU). The chemical parameters include pH ,Sodium ( Na ), Potassium ( K ), Calcium ( Ca 2 ) and Magnesium ( Mg 2 ), Chloride ( Cl ), Sulphate (SO 2 4 ), Ammonia ( NH3 ), Nitrate (NO3 - ), Nitrite( NO2 - ), Total Dumping site DUMPING SITE , MADURAI , TAMILNADU