International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1108
Review on the dual use of Power line - A CMOS Receiver Design
Khushboo Shukla
1
, Anshuj Jain
2
, Bharati Chourasia
3
1
M.Tech Scholar [VLSI], Department of EC, Scope College of Engineering Bhopal,
2
GUIDE, AP Department of EC, Scope College of Engineering Bhopal,
3 3
HOD of EC department, Scope College of Engineering, Bhopal
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Abstract - Today there are many designs are available for a
CMOS receiver. Not only their effectively work and circuit
complexity increases. They also proportionally increase the
number of internal nodes, and individual internal nodes are
less accessible due to the limited number of I/O pins present in
the PDN. To overcome all the problems, author suggested
power line communications (PLCs) at the chip of the circuit,
specifically the dual use of power lines of the chip and power
distribution networks for the application and the observation
of test data and the delivery of power. In this paper we explain
and proposed the PLC receiver the transmission of data
through power lines. The main objective of the suggested PLC
receiver is the robust operation under variations and droops of
the supply voltage rather than high data speed. The suggested
PLC receiver is going to design with the 0.18 um CMOS design
technology under the supply voltage 1.8 V.
Key Words: Design-for-testability (DFT), PLC at ICs, NMOS
Design, PLC receiver, power line communications (PLCs).
1. INTRODUCTION
As the new generation of deep sub micrometer VLSI
technologies, testing, debugging, and diagnosis of VLSI
circuits become more difficult and expensive. In virtue of
higher circuit complexity for this technology, larger process
variations, larger interconnection delays relative to
transistor switching time, larger leakage current makes the
testing more challenging. It is a general consent among test
engineers that accessibility, i.e., controllability and
observability, to internal nodes for both 2-D and 3-D ICs is
essential to address the testing problems. As the circuit
complexity increases simultaneously the number of internal
nodes increases, and individual internal nodes are less
accessible due to the limited number of available I/O pins.
According to our knowledge best approach to provide
ubiquitous accessibility to internal nodes is the dual use of
power pins and power distribution networks (PDNs) for
data communications as well as power supply. The PLC at
the IC level would be useful for low data rate
communications such as scan design, system debugging, and
fault diagnosis. The approach also eliminates the need to
route a data path from the node to an external data pin.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
In this paper[1] the proposed power line communications
(PLCs) at the IC level, basically the dual use of power pins
and PDN for application and observation of test and also
delivery of power. A PLC receiver presented in this paper
intends to demonstrate the proof of concept, mainly the
transmission of data through power lines. The special
concern of this receiver is to achieve the robust operation
under the applied voltage and the variations in the supply.
The PLC receiver is designed and fabricated in CMOS 0.18-
μm technology under a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The results of
the receiver can tolerate a voltage drop of up to 0.423 V for a
data rate of 10 Mb/s. The power dissipation of the receiver is
3.26 mW and the core area of the receiver is 74.9 μm × 72.2
μm.
This paper [2] proposes a various signaling method for
efficient scanning based on the dual use of power lines. The
preferred signaling scheme to increase the channel capacity
for the multiple parallel scan design, and suggested
adoption of the UWB (Ultra Wideband) and direct sequence -
code division multiple access (DSCDMA) communication
technologies. Because of the wide bandwidth, a UWB signal
can reduce its average power level practically to the noise
level. The DS-CDMA further mitigates the noise and allows
multiple scan inputs to share the connectivity power lines.
We studied the feasibility of the proposed scheme through
SPICE tool and show the simulation results.
In this analysis [4] speed or even faster speed testing of VLSI
circuits aims for high-quality checking of the circuits through
testing the performance of related faults. On one side, a
compact test set with highly effective to checking the each
and every delay faults and also desirable for lower test costs.
On the other side, this process increases switching activity
during launch and capture operations. This process enhance
the quality and cost may thus end up violating peak-power
constraints which shows the yield loss, while working on this
process generation of pattern under less switching
constraints may lead to loss in test quality as well as pattern
count inflation. In this paper, they given the design for
testability (DfT) support for enabling the use of a set of
patterns optimized for cost and quality as is, yet in a low
power manner; they developed three different DfT
mechanisms,(1) launch-off shift,(2) launch-off capture, and
(3) mixed at-speed testing. The given DfT support enables a
design partitioning approach, where any given set of
patterns, generated in a power-unaware manner, it can be
used to test the design regions one by one, it reduces both
launch and capture power in a design-flow compatible
manner. This is the way to the test pattern count and quality,
while lowering the launch/capture power.