Arid Zone Journal of Engineering, Technology and Environment, March, 2018; Vol. 14(1):94-103
Copyright © Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Print ISSN: 1596-2490, Electronic ISSN: 2545-5818, www.azojete.com.ng
94
LOW POWER ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE FOR VENTILATION IN RURAL
HOMES
S. T. Yusuf
1,*
, M. S. Julius
2
, M. Abdulkadir
3
, A. M. Yatim
4
1,2
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Taraba State University, Nigeria.
3
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.
4
Department of Energy Conversion, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia.
*Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
1
theophylussimon@gmail.com,
Co-authors’ e-mail address: ,
2
mboli4god@gmail.com,
3
muabdulkadir@yahoo.com,
4
abdhalim@utm.my
Abstract
The global rise of energy consumption has highlighted the needs to develop systems with energy saving
capability. This paper describes the development of a low power electromechanical system for indoor
ventilation. The proposed system consists of electromechanical system (actuator), motion translator,
position controller, spring and inductive proximity sensor. Experimental test of the prototype was carried
out to compare with the simulation results. The developed prototype was tested on a commonly sized
blade normally used for ventilation. The system produces a rotational speed of 550 rpm at 4.4 W of
power, which should be sufficient for indoor ventilation and cooling of simple homes and buildings.
Keywords: Permanent magnet, Electromagnet, Ventilation.
1. Introduction
Actuators/motors are custom design based on their application. In order to achieve good
performance and low power consumption, the characteristics and the limitations of the actuator
should be known in the controller design process. In many tropical countries, most of the rural
communities are not connected to the grid. Therefore, low power device will be suitable by
utilizing a limited power resource of energy over an extended period of time. Also, increase in
the amount of carbon dioxide and decrease in the oxygen content of the air have caused
discomfort, headache, and lethargy. There is now evidence as in Kreichelt et al. (1996) the
deleterious effects may also result largely from interference with the heat-regulating mechanism
of the body. A proposed design by Won-Jong and Ali (2010) has demonstrated that power
consumption can be reduced by using local excitation approach; power consumed by the motor is
95W. Energy saving has become an area of interest for researchers (Paolo, 2013; Isermann,
2005; Janocha, 2010) Linear electromagnetic actuators (Eyabi and Washington, 2006; Ryan et
al. 2005) produce a space range of stroke. Due to the terminal low voltage which is usually from
Pulse width modulation, the current is built in the winding. Actuator controlled technology by
(Dupraz et al. 2006; Shaohua, 2008) has become an increasingly useful method to decrease the
high input current consumption, by opening or closing the circuit at the optimal phase of current
or voltage. (Duggirala, and Lal, 2005) Design a system with fifty percent duty cycle. Other
application of motors for low duty cycle operation is on clamping system.