https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487117736024
Journal of Teacher Education
1–15
© 2017 American Association of
Colleges for Teacher Education
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DOI: 10.1177/0022487117736024
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Theoretical/Conceptual
In teacher preparation institutions today, in addition to learn-
ing knowledge and skills needed to educate children, future
teachers are being introduced to new ways of thinking and
behaving. One of these ways, referred to as dispositions in
this article, has become a topic of interest for programs and
researchers in teacher education.
In the United States, accrediting bodies for teacher prepa-
ration including the Interstate New Teacher Assessment and
Support Consortium (INTASC; 1992) and the National
Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE;
2008), which merged with the Teacher Education
Accreditation Council (TEAC) to become the Council for
the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP; 2013),
have given great significance to teachers’ dispositions. The
glossary of the CAEP, which is now the sole accrediting
body for educator preparation providers in the United States
since July 1 2013, defines dispositions as “the values, com-
mitments, and professional ethics that influence behaviors
towards students, families, colleagues, and communities that
affect student learning, motivation, and development as well
as the educator’s own professional growth” (http://caepnet.
org/glossary). CAEP (2013) also noted that professional edu-
cation departments may add their own dispositions in addi-
tion to fairness and the belief that all students can learn. The
term “dispositions” has not only emerged in the lexicon of
the U.S. teacher education authorities, but also it has started
an international discussion about focusing more on disposi-
tions to meet the needs of today’s learners. The Council of
European Union for Teacher Education includes dispositions
among its priorities for teacher achievement; however, they
acknowledged disposition as a construct is challenging to
define and assess (Caena, 2011).
Consequently, teacher education programs have started to
put dispositions among its priorities for teacher achievement.
However, what may have started with best intentions to
encourage teachers to develop and exhibit positive attitudes
and conduct toward student education has splintered into
debates about values, morals, and proper conduct in schools.
The lack of common grounding for dispositions in teacher
education has led to a heated debate across and among
teacher education institutions and scholars (Borko, Liston, &
Whitcomb, 2007; Ruitenberg, 2011). Complicating matters
further is that English, with its penchant for synonyms, has
736024JTE XX X 10.1177/0022487117736024Journal of Teacher EducationAltan et al.
research-article 2017
1
Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
2
Florida International University, Miami, USA
Corresponding Author:
Servet Altan, Graduate School of Education, Bilkent University,
06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
Email: serveta@bilkent.edu.tr
Using Habits of Mind, Intelligent
Behaviors, and Educational Theories
to Create a Conceptual Framework
for Developing Effective Teaching
Dispositions
Servet Altan
1
, Jennie F. Lane
1
, and Erskine Dottin
2
Abstract
Despite the heated debates about dispositions in teacher education, most accrediting agencies continue to put dispositions
among their priorities. The authors of the current article concur with the value of using Dewey to understand how habits
can be clustered to better understand intelligent teaching dispositions. But, can we extend Dewey’s epistemology to learning
theories in a manner that informs the making of teaching conduct more intelligent? To address this question, the authors
applied qualitative content analysis to review the literature. Through a deductive approach, dispositions as Habits of Mind were
related to educational theories using intelligent behaviors as the common denominator. The conclusion is that dispositions
can be clustered around Habits of Mind that are related directly to educational learning theories vis-à-vis thoughtfulness, and
to learning theories that support learning or mindfulness. Grounding dispositions as habits of mind in selected educational
theories may guide and support the professional development of teaching dispositions.
Keywords
teacher education preparation, standards, teacher characteristics, teachers’ disposition, habits of mind