International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 5 Issue: 8 110 - 112 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 110 IJRITCC | August 2017, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org _______________________________________________________________________________________ Issues and Methods in Meditation Research Dr. Ratnashil N. Khobragade PG Department of Computer Science Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati Maharashtra, India ratnashilkhobragade@sgbau.ac.in, rnkhobragade@gmail.com Abstract - Most research has been seen the growing interest in the neurobiological correlates of meditation. They omitted the philosophical aspects of meditation on human being and its wider implications on human. Hence the following issues like definition, study design, and its outcomes need to be study. In meditation research the effects of meditation practice need to examine and also how meditation works is need to study and examine. Some meditation techniques reduce pain, but how meditation affects the brain‟s response to pain is not been studied. The brain structural differences between a well-matched sample of long-term meditators and controls using whole-brain cortical thickness also need to analysze. This paper describes the issues related to meditation and their effects on the study of meditation with some explanation of methods in meditation research. Keywords- Meditation, neurobiological, Consciousness, Thoughtless awareness, Attention, Psychiatry, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pain EEG. __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION Different challenges are faced by the people work in the industries, offices and even in business in real life. Our attention and concentration plays vital role in the human behavior. It is very difficult to handle the pschychological stress some times. Therefore, Meditation is essential for all human beings to come out of the above mentioned troubles. The consciousness could be promoted through the meditation. In recent years, research on meditation is correlates with neural and its efficacy in clinical settings has seen a growing trend. Meditation training has been carried with a wide range of positive clinical and behavioral health outcomes. Several researchers have identified key areas of the brain and other electrophysiological correlates long-term meditator[4]. The study of expert meditators offers promising research strategy for studying high-order cognitive processes. Bhuvanesh Awasthi identifies number of issues and shortcomings remain in the area of meditation research. This may be due to a variety of reasons such as simple omissions, relative unfamiliarity with the concept of meditation, lack of suitable resources to address these issues. A wide variety of techniques of meditation are available. Meditation research presents an encouraging trend for the new aspect of how the mind works. The research shows that lifestyle changes can improve individual biomarkers of allostatic load, leading toward greater health and normal aging by the practice of Transcendental Meditation (TM) program and changes in diet and physical activity reduce biological aging factors may reduce overall allostatic load in hypertensive African Americans said by Liis Mattik [5]. The comparison between Jung and Ramana Maharshi regarding the nature and purpose of meditation is presented by Jung Glenn Friesen. Jung uses the word „Self‟ to refer to our selfhood in its totality, both for conscious and unconscious, personal and impersonal. He said Self is different from our ego, but it includes and transcends our ego therefore he had used the word „transpersonal‟ for this impersonal Selfhood [6]. The changes of Meditation on body, brain physiology and for clinical effectiveness in disorders of psychiatry is review by Katya Rubia. Meditation is use to reduce or eliminate irrelevant thought processes through psycho-emotional stability, training of internalised attention, stress reduction, thought to lead to physical & mental relaxation and enhanced concentration. Some evidences for the effectiveness of Meditation in disorders of affect, anxiety and attention in clinical studies. Thorough understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of action and clinical effectiveness of the different Meditative practices is needed in the prevention and intervention of mental illness [7]. Meditation research has begun to clarify the brain effects and mechanisms of contemplative practices while generating a range of typologies and explanatory models. The chakra system from Indian yoga, is used as a map of CNS function in traditional Indian and Tibetan medicine, neuropsychiatry, and neuropsychology. The study presented by Joseph J. Loizzo based on the Nalanda tradition, established a connection between subtle body model cross-referenced with modern CNS maps and challenges modern brain maps with its