IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 17, Issue 2 Ver. 16 February. (2018), PP 30-33 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/0853-1702163033 www.iosrjournals.org 30 | Page Pattern of Semen Analysis: An Insight into Male Infertility at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Kambala GM 1 , * Kalakonda M 2 , Undavalli VK 3 . 1,2 Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Siddhartha Medical college, Vijayawada. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Dr Pinnamaneni SIMS&RF, Chinna Avutapalli. *Corresponding Author: Dr. Madhavi Kalakonda Abstract Background: Infertility is defined as failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. The male factor as a cause of infertility is present in 40-50% of cases. Objectives: The present study aims to assess the seminal patterns of male partners of 118 infertile couples for various parameters and their possible contribution to infertility. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on male partners of 118 infertile couples who were referred to Department of Pathology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada for semen analysis. The semen was collected by masturbation in all cases in a sterile container. After liquefaction, basic analysis was done which includes volume, viscosity, pH, sperm count, motility and morphology. Results: Of 118 seminograms, 42.3% showed alterations in the seminal indices; with Oligospermia in 19.5%, asthenospermia in 9.3%, Oligoasthenospermia in 5.1%and Azoospermia in 2.5%. Conclusion: Male factors were mostly responsible as a cause of infertility. Asthenospermia was the most common type of semen defect present in these infertile males. Most of the males with semen defect were of age group >30yrs. Incidence of semen defect among males increased with duration of infertility. Keywords: Semen analysis, Male infertility. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 12-02-2018 Date of acceptance: 03-03-2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Infertility is a major problem throughout the world with psycho-social implications and male infertility contributing significantly towards this problem. According to the international committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technology, WHO, infertility is a disease of reproductive system defined by failure to achieve the clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. 1 The prevalence of infertility in the general population is 15%-20%. Of this, the male factor is responsible for 20%- 40%. 2 Despite controversy regarding the clinical value of semen analysis, male fertility investigation still relies on a standardized analysis of the semen parameters. This is especially true for infertility clinics in both developing and developed countries. Semen analysis is the corner stone of infertility evaluation as it provides information on the functional status of the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and accessory sex glands. The objective of this study was to evaluate contribution of the seminal patterns towards overall infertility due to male factors. And assess the different seminal patterns in male infertility. II. Methods It was a prospective study conducted in department of pathology, Siddhartha medical college, Vijayawada between January to December 2017. Semen collection was done at the hospital in sterile plastic containers by masturbation after 3 days of abstinence. Samples were delivered within one hour of collection and analyzed by manual method. Analyses were done for volume, viscosity, sperm concentration, motility and morphology, according to WHO guidelines on semen analysis. A total of 118 cases were studied for various abnormalities and their frequency of distribution. WHO Guidelines 2010 for Normal seminal fluid analysis. 3 Volume - > 1.5 ml pH - 7.2 to 8.0 Liquefaction time - 20 to 30 min Sperm concentration - >15 million/ml Total motility - 40%