598 Accepted by M. Vences: 19 Dec. 2017; published: 12 Mar. 2018 ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press Zootaxa 4392 (3): 598–600 http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Correspondence https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4392.3.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:60042332-038E-4EE6-B412-F69E34D5A942 On the taxonomic status of Bufo brasiliensis Laurenti, 1768 ALEJANDRO VALENCIA-ZULETA 1,2,4 , ULISSES CARAMASCHI 3 & NATAN M. MACIEL 2 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 2 Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 3 Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Parque Quinta da Boa Vista s/nº, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 4 Corresponding author. E-mail: alejandrovalencia08@gmail.com The name Bufo brasiliensis was proposed by Laurenti (1768) and, for a long time, has been associated with the widely distributed Marine toad - Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758). However, we found several inconsistences in this taxonomic proposal and disagree with it. We argue that the specimen illustrated does not correspond to any bufonid form (even less the Neotropical genus Rhinella) based on the following argumentation presented below. Laurenti (1768) used Seba’s (1734) illustration in plate 73 (Fig. 1) to establish the name B. brasiliensis. FIGURE 1. Illustration of Bufo brasiliensis from “Thesaurus” (Seba, 1734: plate 73). In Seba’s work (1734: p. 116), Bufo brasiliensis is described in the “TABULA SEPTUAGESIMA ET TERTIA” as: “Num. I. Bufo, Brasiliensis, de Aguaquaquan dictus, orbiculatus. Bufonum haec species ex Americae proinsulâ Cubâ delata est. Crassi, teretesque sunt, & benè pasti. Cutis, ex ruffo lutea, maculis umbrosis subnigricantibus, & granulatis, seu eminentibus punctis, tanquam granulis, per totum corpus supernum distinguitur. Maculae undequaque à capite ad pedes usque quasi flammas mentiuntur. Curti quae colli guttur