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Poetics
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/poetic
Revenge of the nerds: Cultural capital and the politics of lifestyle
among adolescent elites
Willy Pedersen
a,
⁎
, Vegard Jarness
b
, Magne Flemmen
a
a
Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1096, Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
b
NIFU - Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education, Økernveien 9, N-0653 Oslo, Norway
ARTICLE INFO
Keywords:
Class
Distinction
Elites
Emerging
cultural capital
Omnivore
Status
Symbolic boundaries
ABSTRACT
In recent scholarly debates about cultural stratification, some have argued that ‘openness’ and
‘omnivorous’ lifestyles constitute a new form of distinction. Using qualitative interviews, we
address this by focusing on adolescents from backgrounds particularly rich in cultural capital,
namely students at Schola Osloensis, the most prestigious upper-secondary school in Norway. Our
findings reveal that (i) these students value academic merit; although they embrace selected
forms of pop culture, and are self-reflexively reluctant to describe themselves as ‘elite’, their
lifestyle is characterized by preferences for classical cultural canons. They regard this as neces-
sary to understand contemporary avant-garde culture and achieve academic success. They also
exhibit (ii) a distinctive fashion style that does not only emphasize aesthetics but also involves
moral-political aspects. ‘Hipster’ style is criticized for being too commercial, whereas a ‘nerdy’
position is embraced as compatible with a quest for knowledge and insight. They also adopt (iii)
political positions on feminism, antiracism and environmental protection, seamlessly inter-
weaving these forms of position-taking in their everyday lives. (iv) Those who break key moral-
political and aesthetic norms are negatively sanctioned and there are few signs of truly ‘open’ and
‘omnivorous’ lifestyles. We conclude that an elite education in an egalitarian society such as
Norway is associated with a purported non-elitist style, where liberal values such as gender
equality and international solidarity are at the centre. Simultaneously, however, through their
education at Schola Osloensis, these students acquire high levels of cultural capital, including
symbolic mastery and an embodied ability to perform well in demanding social settings. These
skills, we argue, will be useful at the top levels of a rapidly changing labour market. In pointing to
the persistent salience of ‘old school’ displays of cultural capital, as well as clear instances of
symbolic boundary work, our study challenges core assumptions in research about cultural
stratification and omnivorousness.
1. Introduction
Some sociologists have recently argued that processes of cultural stratification and elite distinction are undergoing profound
changes (Bennett et al., 2009; Chan & Goldthorpe, 2010; Friedman, Savage, Hanquinet, & Miles, 2015; Hanquinet, Roose, & Savage,
2014; Johnston & Baumann, 2014; Prieur & Savage, 2013). According to much of this research, there was traditionally a sharp divide
between an upper class exclusively enjoying ‘highbrow’ culture and a working class sticking to ‘lowbrow’ forms. Now, it is argued, the
upper classes enjoy cultural forms of both high and low pedigree. Some argue that this indicates a shift in the basis for elite distinction
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2018.05.002
Received 5 October 2017; Received in revised form 3 May 2018; Accepted 6 May 2018
⁎
Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: willy.pedersen@sosgeo.uio.no (W. Pedersen), vegard.jarness@nifu.no (V. Jarness), magne.flemmen@sosgeo.uio.no (M. Flemmen).
Poetics xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx
0304-422X/ © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Please cite this article as: Pedersen, W., Poetics (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2018.05.002