Open Cultural Studies 2017; 1: 628–645
Anna Pochmara*, Justyna Wierzchowska
Nobody Knows My Name: The Masquerade
of Mourning in the Early 1980s Artistic
Productions of Michael Jackson and Prince
https://doi.org/10.1515/culture-2017-0058
Received September 15, 2017; accepted November 12, 2017
Abstract: The article analyses Michael Jackson’s album Thriller and Prince’s movie Purple Rain. We explore
their camp aesthetics and their recasting of the cultural representations of the black male. Jackson’s and
Prince’s performative personas are both liberatory and burdened with the received cultural scripts of black
masculinity. We claim that their employment of camp is political rather than escapist and depoliticized. Camp
serves them as a platform to mourn the cultural displacement of the black male body in a postslavery America.
In particular, the two artists distance themselves from the extensive ideological and physical pressures exerted
on the black male body in the early 1980s. As a result, their performances are complexly de-Oedipalized. Prince
in Purple Rain refuses to assume the patriarchal position of the Father. Analogously, Jackson fashions himself
as a Peter Pan-like eternal adolescent who never makes his final identification as either heterosexual or LGBTQ
desiring agent. In the coda to the article, we reach beyond the 1980s to explore a more flexible approach to
camp in the artistic output of twenty-first-century African American performers of Queercore and Afrofuturist
scenes, which were partially enabled by Jackson’s and Prince’s performances.
Keywords: Michael Jackson, Prince, camp, black camp, Thriller, Purple Rain
I’m not a woman, I’m not a man. I am something you will never understand.
Prince
I’m a black American. I’m proud to be a black American. I am proud of my race. I am proud of who I am.
Michael Jackson
In his text on late twentieth-century black masculinity “The Gangsta and the Diva,” Andrew Ross argues
that the affectless masculinity of the rapper and the excessive histrionics of the snap queen form a dialectic
“response to the phenomenal social pressure exerted upon black males” and that these “theatrical versions
of black masculinity are as much methods of deflecting or neutralizing white disapproval as modes of
expressing black traditions” (159, 161). Among the text’s examples and six photographic illustrations of
the black divas, there are Michael Jackson and Prince. In this article, we will argue that Ross’s claim that
the black diva represents “a camp alchemist’s transmutation of black female assertiveness” (159) does
not ideally fit Prince and Jackson as they do not draw on African American sassy femininity. When read
historically, the figures of the gangsta and the diva as conceptualized by Ross are informed by the echoes
of nineteenth-century Jim Crow mythology. The gangsta seems to be a contemporary variation of the black
brute, mediated by the 1960s Black Power icons and 1970s blaxploitation stars, whereas, the diva feeds on
Research Article
Open Access. © 2017 Anna Pochmara, Justyna Wierzchowska, published by De Gruyter Open. This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License.
*Corresponding author: Anna Pochmara, University of Warsaw, E-mail: a.pochmara@uw.edu.pl
Justyna Wierzchowska, University of Warsaw, E-mail: j.l.wierzchowska@uw.edu.pl
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