IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 13, Issue 4 Ver. I (Jul. – Aug. 2018), PP 31-45 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1676-1304013145 www.iosrjournals.org 31 | Page Mat lab Simulation Procedure for Design of Micro -Hydro- Electric Power Plant Bilal Abdullah Nasir Technical Institute/Hawijah, Kirkuk, Iraq Corresponding Author:Bilal Abdullah Nasir Abstract: The design procedure of micro-hydro power plant was implemented by Matlab Simulink computer program to calculate all the power plant parameters. The choice of turbine type was depending mainly on the site head and rate of flow. The turbine power and speed were directly proportional with the site head, but there were specific points for maximum turbine power and speed with the variation of the site water flow rate. The head losses in the penstock could range from 5 to 10 percent of the gross head, depending on the length of the penstock, quantity of water flow rate and its velocity, intake channel, trash rack specifications and gate valves type. The turbine efficiency could range from 80 to 95 percent depending on the turbine type. The choice of generator power and its specifications depends on the turbine output power and speed. The generator efficiency was about 90 percent. The design study showed that construction of micro-hydro-electric project was feasible in the project site and there were no major problems apparent at the design and implementation stages of the micro-hydro-electric power plant except of turbine manufacturing and the generator type in case of low site head and low flow quantity. Keywords:micro-hydro-electric power plant, design and Mat-Lab, hydro-turbines, induction generator. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 29-06-2018 Date of acceptance: 16-07-2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Micro-hydro-electric power plants are one of an alternative source of energy generation. They are the smallest type of hydro-electric energy systems. They generate between (5) and (100) Kilowatt of power when they are installed across rivers and streams. The advantages of micro-hydro-electric power-plant have over the fossil and nuclear power plant are [1- 6]: - It has ability to generate power near when its needed, reducing the power inevitably lost during transmission. - It can deal more economically with varying peak load demand, while the fossil-fuel or nuclear power plants can provide the base load only, due to their operational requirements and their long start-up times. - It is able to start-up quickly and makes rapid adjustments in output power. - It does not cause pollution of air or water. - It acts much like a battery, storing power in the form of water. In particular, the advantages that micro-hydro-electric power plant has over the same size wind, wave and solar power plants are: - High efficiency (70-90%), by far the best of all energy technologies. - High capacity factors (> 50%) compared with 10% for solar and 30% for wind power plant. - Slow rate of change; the output power varies only gradually from day to day not from minute to minute. - The output power isa maximumin winter. Comparative study between small-hydro-electric power plants (up to 10 MW capacity) and micro- hydro-electric power plants (up to 100 KW capacity) reveals that the former one is more capital intensive and involves major political decisions causing difficulties in different implementation phases. On the other hand, micro-hydro-electric power plants are low cost, small sized and can be installed to serve a small community making its implementation more appropriate in the socio-political context[7]. Many of these systems are "run- of-river" which does not require an impoundment. Instead, a fraction of the water stream is diverted through a pipe or channel to a small turbine that sits across the stream. So, there is a scope for harnessing the micro-hydro- electric power plant potentiality by identifying proper site and designing appropriate power generation systems. Properly designed micro-hydro-electric power plant causes minimum environmental disruption to the river or stream and can coexist with the native ecology[8,9]. AIDGroup [10]have been presented a detailed design procedure of Pelton turbine for (16) KW micro- hydro power plant. No theoretical or practical results are shown in the report of the project for the performance of the installed plant. Dan BasarabGuzun and, et al.[ 11] have been described one micro-hydro-power plant