IJSRST173728 | Received : 10 Sep 2017 | Accepted : 18 Sep 2017 | September-October-2017 [(3) 7: 146-152]
© 2017 IJSRST | Volume 3 | Issue 7 | Print ISSN: 2395-6011 | Online ISSN: 2395-602X
Themed Section: Science and Technology
146
A Glance on Zika Virus Infection
Patil Priyanka A*, Dr. Magdum C. S., Dr. Singh S. K.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajastan, India
ABSTRACT
Zika virus is mainly transmitted through its vector Aedes aegyti are now a days affecting the world population, this
infection has also affected to the pregnant women, which causes microcephaly in their newborns. Zika virus
infection also causes Guillain Barre syndrome GBS. Till date, there was no specific medication available for
treatment of Zika virus infection. Some preventive measurements will be applicable. The Scientists are trying to
investigate the vaccine which will be useful in future.
Keywords: Zika Virus, Treatment, ZIKA.
I. INTRODUCTION
Zika virus was first isolated in the Zika Forest near Lake
Victoria, Uganda in April 1947 from a sentinel rhesus
monkey placed; in January 1948 a second isolation from
the mosquito Aedes africanus followed at the same
site .[1]
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been a source of
concern in the recent few months due to increase in the
number of patients being affected by it with epidemic
proportions in Brazil and its potential of spread to other
countries. The association of microcephaly in newborns
due to the Zika virus has further created panic and worry
among the people. It is thus essential to clarify the
doubts and confusion in the minds of physicians and
people at large. This article is designed to reflect the best
information regarding the Zika virus in depth.
Background
Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family flavivirus is a
mosquito-transmitted found in both Africa and Asia.
Infection of this to human may result in a febrile illness
similar to dengue fever and many other tropical
infections found in these regions.
World Health Organization (WHO) report that some
neurological disorder such as Guillain Barre syndrome
(GBS) and of microcephaly also caused by Zika virus
infection.
II. METHODS AND MATERIAL
Epidemiology
In 1947, Zika virus first found in rhesus monkeys in the
Zika forest of Uganda.[2] It was later identified in
humans in 1968 for the first time in Nigeria.
There were only about 14 or 15 cases documented until
2007. In 2007, sudden spontaneous occurrence of Zika
was reported, in the Island[3]. Currently Zika virus has
spread to other countries in America, Brazil, and the
Colombia.WHO has reported 23 countries and territories
in Americas from where local transmission of Zika virus
has been reported.[4].
Out Of 76-suspected deaths from microcephaly and
congenital central nervous system malformations, 15
were investigated and confirmed to have microcephaly
and/or central nervous system malformations.
Structure of the Zika virus
Zika virus, has a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA
genome approximately 11 kilobases in length. The RNA
contains strands of 5′ and 3′ that encodes a polyprotein
and was cleaved into three structural proteins, namely a)
the capsid (C), b) premembrane/membrane (perm), and
c) envelope (E), and seven non-structural proteins (NS1,
NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, 2K, NS4B, and NS5) [5].