IJSRST1738263 | Received : 21 Dec 2017 | Accepted : 04 Jan 2018 | January-February-2018 [(4)2: 04-11]
© 2018 IJSRST | Volume 4 | Issue 2 | Print ISSN: 2395-6011 | Online ISSN: 2395-602X
Themed Section: Science and Technology
04
The Migration of Batak Toba Ethnic to Nagori Mariah Bandar in
Pematang Bandar District Year of 1946 - 2011
Asnewastri
Department of History Education, Universitas Simalungun, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
The intensity of German missionary efforts that had previously worked in Tapanuli and then deploy the Gospel to
Simalungun by utilizing the Batak Toba as their companion encouraged Batak Toba ethnic shift to Nagori Mariah
Bandar. The rapid transfer is also triggered by the large demand for labor in Dutch plantations as well as other
foreign private parties in Simalungun, especially Nagori Mariah Bandar to open rice fields in order to support food
availability in Simalungun, especially on Nagori Mariah Bandar in Bandar subdistrict. The objective of study is to
determine the role of missionary and the Dutch in supporting Batak Toba ethnic migration to Nagori Mariah Bandar,
to know the geographical condition of Bandar and the characters of Batak Toba ethnic affecting the process of
transfer to Bandar and to know the impact of Batak Toba ethnic migration to Nagori Mariah Bandar in Bandar
subdistrict. The research method used is field research with qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this
study indicate that the transfer of Batak Toba ethnic to Nagori Mariah Bandar was immensely influenced by the
Dutch interest which used Batak people to open agricultural and plantation land, and the incessant efforts of German
missionaries who had previously worked in Tapanuli, then spread the gospel to Simalungun especially in Nagori
Mariah Bandar by utilizing the Toba Batak people as their companion.
Keyword : Migration, Batak Toba, Pematang Bandar
I. INTRODUCTION
Batak Toba Ethnic is one of the ethnics inhabiting the
area of North Sumatra Province precisely in the
highlands of Toba. The Batak Toba community is
renowned for its eg "Maranak Sapputu Pitu Onom".
Thus, the Batak Toba hometown commence to be
crowded since the mid-19th century due to natural
population increase while the area of agricultural land
began to feel increasingly narrow. The expansion and
opening of new rice fields is increasingly impossible due
to various factors such as water and climate. it is similar
to what was written by Simanjuntak (2004: 34) that
"New community settlements can occur due to various
things experienced in the old residential areas such as
increasingly narrow farmland, densely populated
settlements, the emergence of diseases that bring many
deaths, social disputes that the fellow citizens forced
some residents to seek and form livelihoods outside the
old settlement ". It is a historical fact that Batak Toba
ethnic has until now spread widely on various ragions in
the archipelago. Some are farmers and many work out of
agriculture. They live in big cities, district towns,
subdistrict towns, and villages in various side of the
Republic of Indonesia including neighboring countries
such as Singapore and Malaysia.
Once the vastness and the number of areas of North
Sumatra that became the target of ethnic Batak Toba
spread, almost all districts, even rural districts breached
to seek a better life. One of the target areas of Batak
Toba deployment in North Sumatera is Mariah Bandar,
Bandar Subdistrict, Simalungun regency.
Discussing the migration of Batak Toba ethnic to Nagori
area Mariah Bandar on Bandar Subdistrict of
Simalungun regency can not be separated from their
philosophy values which still held up to today. The
values of Batak Toba ethnic cultural philosophy are
hagabeon, hasangapon and hamoraon, and timbah with
sahala. Every family longs for the offspring and
longevity called gabe, Having wealth and prosperity so-
called hamoraon, and having the social authority named
sangap, and possessing the power that is called sahala