Odo Masquerade in Northern Igbo Land: A Cultural
Resource in Demise
Oguamanam, C.C., Odum, C.J. and Ezeh, K.
Department of Archaeology and Tourism,
University of Nigeria, Nsukka
A bstract
Odo masquerade, which is known to use satire in admonishing evil doers in the society, wields both
spiritual and administrative powers. Its celebration is regarded as a time of justice for the
oppressed. This remarkable masquerade has attracted little or no attention, and where it is
documented, it has been through formalist scholars like Meek and Basden. Ethnographic method,
basically, in-depth interviews was adopted for the study. The study aims to document Odo
masquerade practice in Neke and its contribution to tourism development. The study revealed that
its practitioners have abused its powers. Odo masquerade has deprived people of their rights,
disrupted their life and intimidated women and children. Consequently, there is disenchantment
and loss of interest in the practice among the younger ones, while modernity and foreign religion
are also taking their toll on the institution. The paper recommends an appraisal of the method of
practising Odo and how tourism can be used to revive and promote Odo masquerade.
Keywords: Masquerade, Odo, Neke, Tourism.
Introduction
Masquerade is a common feature in the cultural milieu of the Igbo
people. It is seen as a means of communication between the living and the
dead where the spirits through a messenger, usually masquerade, bless or
curse the living. In the African tradition, the living maintains a close tie with
the dead and this is manifested in different festivals which invariably feature
different masquerades, and these celebrations are filled with merriments,
dances, music (Ezenagu and Olatunji, 2014; Onyeneke, 1987).
Odo and Omabe are the common types of masquerades in Nsukka
area. They are believed to have a common origin that is related to Ehamufu
and Ikem (Onyeneke, 1987 and Meek, 1930. Odo masquerade is exclusively a
male dominated enterprise that is shrouded in secrecy, but it is taken in Igbo-
Odo communities as a traditional administration that plays both spiritual
and social leadership roles. Odo is also a moralist and an entertainer at the
same time’ (Ezechi, 2010:148). It serves as an agent of social change, arbiter of
justice, entertainer, messenger of the gods etc. Odo masquerade institution is
threatened by factors such as the practice of Odo itself, foreign religion,
abuse of human right, un-fair treatment of opposite sex, aging among men
practising Odo, and so on.
Journal of Tourism and Heritage Studies 79
© 2018: Oguamanam, C.C. et. al.
Vol. 7, No. 1, 2018