Japanese/Korean Linguistics 25. Edited by Shin Fukuda, Mary Shin Kim, and Mee-Jeong Park. Copyright © 2018, CSLI Publications 1 Nominal-based Nominalization * MASAYOSHI SHIBATANI Rice Univesity SUNG-YEO CHUNG Osaka University 1 Introduction The current definitions of nominalization, such as the following, are based on narrow observations of nominalization phenomena and suffer from major defects in (i) the overall characterization of the process (not any noun can be derived from any verb (e.g. laugh > singer?); the process is far more constrained than any of the definitions has it, (ii) the specification of the input to the process (only verbs or members of non-nominal classes?), and (iii) the specification of the output of the process (only nouns or noun phrases?). 1 * The work reported here was supported in part by the International Joint Research Promotion Program of Osaka University (PI: Sung-Yeo Chung) and the project “Noun modifying