1 A STUDY OF AFFORDABLE REFUGEE HOUSING SOLUTIONS Dr Samah El Khateeb – Zehra Ali Abstract In today's era of global chaos, the refugee crisis has reached its peak, with over 60 million people-seeking asylum all over the world. Hu- manitarian architecture is needed now more than ever, and it is imper- ative to construct not only affordable accommodation but also mass produced and easy to assemble housing. The challenge is to find the optimum combination of durability and comfort, as well as afforda- bility and mass production. This paper will investigate affordable housing techniques to evaluate the best solution for refugee accom- modation in speed, comfort, and cost. The methodology analyzes dif- ferent case studies for affordable refugee housing worldwide, focus- ing on the materials and techniques utilized to produce the best result. The results show that prefabricated modular materials and passive de- sign strategies are used to design refugee homes with improved living conditions. Key words Refugee, affordable housing, prefabricated, humanitarian architecture 1.0 Introduction A refugee by definition is any person who is compelled to leave their home due to war, natural disaster, or any other life threatening cir- cumstance. It is critical not to confuse refugee with the word ‘mi- grant.’ Both are leaving their homes, but refugees do so because it is unsafe for them to return, and migrants are simply moving for the sake of a better future, not necessarily because their lives are in danger. There are two main categories of refugees: political and natural dis- aster. Political refugees include those fleeing from war, or any kind of