13 DAMPAK PERKEMBANGAN PARIWISATA MINAT KHUSUS SNORKELING TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN: KASUS DESTINASI WISATA KARIMUNJAWA Sabda Elisa Priyanto, M.Par Jurusan Perhotelan D3 Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo (STIPRAM) Yogyakarta Jl. Laksda Adisucipto Km. 5 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia E-mail : sabda.priyanto@gmail.com ABSTRACT The tudy will analyze the impact of tourism by the type of special interet tourism to the environment. Impact on the coat and islands, the impact on vegetation, the impact wildlife, and the impact on urban areas and rural areas. Positive impact on the coat and the island is the efort for preservation and conservation of coral reefs, reef ish, giant clams and turtles, and encouraged to make environmentally- friendly tourism activities. The negative impact is a damage to coral reefs from snorkeling activities, and the loss of traditional land allotment to the beach. The positive impact on vegetation is their attempt to biodiversity and conservation of vegetation typical of Publications, and reforetation activities is to replant mangrove. Negative impacts on vegetation is illegal logging and the clearing of trees to increase tourit attraction as supporters of the main activities. commercialization of the plant for souvenirs. Positive impact on wildlife is their conservation, preservation, and biodiversity, the breeding of animals and relocating the animals to their natural habitat. The negative impact is going hunting animals as souvenirs and tourit consumption, harassment of wildlife photography, animal exploitation for pertujukan, changes in animal intincts, and the migration of animals. Positive impact on urban areas and rural areas is happening arrangement karimunjawa towns and villages, and their empowerment. The negative impact of pressure on the land for the opening of a new tourit attraction, there are exchange in the function of residential land into commercial land, and the occurrence of traic congetion, noise pollution, air pollution, and pollution aethetics. Keywords: Environmental Impact, Tourism, Snorkeling, PENDAHULUAN 1. Latar Belakang Perkembangan pariwisata yang begitu pesat tentunya tidak bisa dielakkan akan menimbulkan dampak pariwisata, mulai dari dampak ekonomi, sosial budaya, sampai ke dampak terhadap lingkungan baik itu dampak positif atau dampak negatif (Pitana 2009: 183). Dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, dampak diartikan sebagai tabrakan, sedangkan pariwisata adalah berbagai macam kegiatan wisata yang didukung oleh berbagai fasilitas serta layanan yang disediakan oleh masyarakat, pengusaha, pemerintah, dan pemerintah daerah (UU no 10 Thn 2009 ttg Kepariwitaan). Dari pengertian di atas, dampak yang terjadi adalah efek dari kegiatan atau