IJSRSET184414 | Received : 01 August 2018 | Accepted : 19 August 2018 | July-August-2018 [ 4 (9) : 458-462] © 2018 IJSRSET | Volume 4 | Issue 9 | Print ISSN: 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099 Themed Section : Engineering and Technology 458- 462 Molecular Detection of Norovirus 1, 2 in Children Less than 5 Years with Gastroenteritisin Al Jazeera State, Sudan Eman M Tatay 1 , Abdel Rahim M El Hussein 2 , Mohamed O. Mustafa 2 , Isam M Elkhidir 3 and Khalid A Enan 2 * 1 Department of Medical microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, El Nellin University, Khartoum, Sudan 2 Department of Virology, Central Laboratory- The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, P.O. Box 7099, Khartoum, Sudan 3 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan *Corresponding Author: Khalid A Enan (khalid.enan@gmail.com) ABSTRACT Background : Noroviruses (NoVs) are human pathogens associated with acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide and an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. However, there are still few epidemiological data on the occurrence of these viruses in Sudan. This study was conducted to investigate the molecular epidemiology of NoVs in children less than 5 years with acute gastroenteritis. Methods: A total of 66 stool samples were collected from children under five years of age presenting with acute gastroenteritis, in Omdurman teaching hospital and Aljazeera teaching hospital, during the period from January to May2017. For the detection of norovirus, total RNA was extracted from all samples, followed by Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Detected noroviruses were then genogrouped. Results: Out of the 66 samples tested, one sample in Khartoum and 18 samples in Aljazeera were positive for norovirus infections by RT-PCR. The dected noroviruse - positive samples belonged GII and GI genogroups but the dominant genotype was GII. Conclusions: The present study showed that norovirus are an important causative agents of gastroenteritis in children less than 5 years .There is a great need for introducing routine norovirus testing of hospitalized children with gastroenteritis. Keywords : Qiagen, RNA, NoVs, RT-PCR, Noroviruses I. Introduction and Literature Review Diarrheal diseases remain one of the leading causes of preventable death in developing countries, especially among children under 5 years of age[15]. Diarrhea is common in the developing countries, especially in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation and with limited access to safe water. Other conditions, such as malnutrition, may further increase the risk of contracting diarrhea in developing countries. These factors may lead to a significant disease burden and negative economic effects, resulting from medical costs, loss of work, lower quality of life and high mortality [7]. Recently, norovirus gastroenteritis has been considered to be second to rotavirus gastroenteritis as