Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 6 (2017) 283–294 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition j ourna l h om epage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jarmac Association-based Concealed Information Test: A Novel Reaction Time-Based Deception Detection Method  Gáspár Lukács University of Szeged, Hungary University of Klagenfurt, Austria Bartosz Gula University of Klagenfurt, Austria Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany Emese Szegedi-Hallgató University of Szeged, Hungary Gábor Csifcsák ∗ University of Szeged, Hungary University of Tromsø, Norway In recent years, numerous studies were published on the reaction time (RT)-based Concealed Information Test (CIT). However, an important limitation of the CIT is the reliance on the recognition of the probe item, and therefore the limited applicability when an innocent person is aware of this item. In the present paper, we introduce an RT-based CIT that is based on item-category associations: the Association-based Concealed Information Test (A-CIT). Using the participants’ given names as probe items and self-referring “inducer” items (e.g., “MINE” or “ME”) that establish an association between ownership and responses choices, in Experiment 1 (within-subject design; n = 27), this method differentiated with high accuracy between guilty and innocent conditions. Experiment 2 (n = 25) replicated Experiment 1, except that the participants were informed of the probe item in the innocent condition—nonetheless, the accuracy rate remained high. Implications and future possibilities are discussed. General Audience Summary In certain scenarios, such as legal cases or counterterrorism, it is of crucial importance to correctly detect deception. One of the potential technological aids under development is the reaction time (RT)-based Concealed Information Test (CIT). The RT-based CIT has very low costs and it is easy to implement: it can be run on any regular personal computer, it takes little time (10–15 min), and its results can be analyzed practically Author Note Gáspár Lukács, Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, 6722 Szeged, Hungary and Department of Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, Universitätsstr. 65-67, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria; Bartosz Gula, Department of Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, Universitätsstr. 65-67, 9020 Klagen- furt, Austria and Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Emese Szegedi-Hallgató, Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, 6722 Szeged, Hungary; Gábor Csifcsák, Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, 6722 Szeged, Hungary and Department of Psychology, University of Tromsø, Huginbakken 32, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.  Professor Aldert Vrij, University of Portsmouth, served as Guest Editor for this submission. ∗ Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Gábor Csifc- sák, Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, 6722 Szeged, Hungary. Contact: gaborcsifcsak@yahoo.co.uk