184 zyxwvutsr CARIBBEAN zyxwvu LJFE IN NEW zyxw YORK CITY zyx Pressoir, C.F. 1947 Debat sur le creole et lefolklwe. Port-au-Prince: Imprimerie de L'Etat Sassen-Koob, zyxwvut S. 1981 "Towards a Conceptualization of Immigrant Labor." zyxw Social Problems 29(1):6S5. Oct, Schemerhorn, R.A. 1949 These Our People. Boston: D.C. Heath. Schoenbew U. 1985 "Participationin Ethnic Associations:The Case of Immigrants in West Germany." Interna- tional Migration Review 19(3):416-437. Fall. Sowell, T. 1981 Ethnic Am&: A zyxwvut History. New York Basic Books. Stepick, A. 1982 "Haitian Boat People: A Study in the Conflicting Forces Shaping U.S. Immigration Policy." z Lmu and Contemporary Problems 45(2):16%1%. Spring. Vassady, Jr., B. 1982 "The 'Homeland zyxwvut Cause' as a Stimulant to Ethnic Unity: The Hungarian American Re- sponse to Kamlyi's 1914 American Tour."]oud zyxw of American Ethnic History, q1):39-64. Fall. PO STSCRIPT HAITIAN TRANSNATIONAL PRACTICE AND NATlONAL DISCOURSE Nina Glick Schiller January 1992 The major findings and conclusions of the article "All in the Same Boat?" remain relevant seven years later. In the article we argued that social scien- tists must look at both home and host societies in order to understand the context within which immigrants organize and develop collectiveidentities. We traced the changing conditions in the United States and Haiti that had shaped Haitian organizing in New York City. Beginning in 1957 when there was little organization and no collective Haitian identity, the article outlined four stages in the emergence of a public Haitian presence in New York By 1986, Haitian immigrantswere participat- ing in organized activities oriented to both life in the United States and life in Haiti. While earlier these immigrants had hesitated to identify with other Haitians and had organized around multiple identities, there was evidence by 1986 that Haitian immigrants were identifying themselves as members of a Haitian community. The article noted a tendency, then newborn, to link