International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sep 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1137 EFFECT OF TORROIDAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER SHAPE, NOZZLE GEOMETRY, INJECTION PRESSURE, EGR ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BIODIESEL FUELLED DIESEL ENGINE AND VALIDATION THROUGH TAGUCHI ANALYSIS. Allamaprabhu.B.Shigihalli 1 , Mahantesh M Shivashimpi 2 , Akhilesh Patil 3 , Aparai Huddar 4 1,3,4 UG Students, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Hirasugar Institute of Technology, Nidasoshi, Karnataka, India. 2 Professor, Dept of Mechanical Engineering Hirasugar Institute of Technology, Nidasoshi, Karnataka, India. ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract- An experimental investigation is done on a single cylinder four stroke direct injection diesel engine operated with palm methyl ester (POME) as a biodiesel. The performance and emission characteristics were analyzed with torroidal combustion chamber shape, nozzle geometry, injection pressure and EGR. This study is related to the modification of combustion chamber shape of diesel engine for the proper mixing of air fuel mixture (swirl action).The main objective of the experiment is to study the effect of torroidal combustion chamber shape using biodiesel as a fuel in diesel engine by varying the three parameters (nozzle geometry, injection pressure, EGR) among all these parameters the better operating parameters will be selected using Design Of Experiments (DOE). Keywords: Torroidal combustion chamber, Bio diesel(POME), Injection Pressure, Nozzle Geometry, EGR (exhaust gas recirculation), Design of experiments (Taguchi method). 1. INTRODUCTION Nowadays all the people on earth are dependent on energy for every aspect of their lives, therefore we must produce more with less, to remain competitive. We must use our resources correctly and help in saving environment. We must develop new methods and technologies for the better efficiency of the diesel engine for the transportation purpose. Diesel engines are used for transportation and power generation applications due to the high thermal efficiency. However, there is increased importance on improved engine performance, lesser noise and vibration levels and lesser emissions. Due to the increase in energy demand, fossil fuel in the earth crust is decreasing. To overcome these difficulties and meet these demands, we have to use renewable fuels such as biodiesels for diesel engines that has gained greater importance. Renewable energy sources can provide energy to longer periods, and that of fossil fuels don’t provide and these have many advantages.[1] Liquid biodiesels properties are closer to diesel hence they are more suitable for diesel engine applications. Many vegetable oils have been used for biodiesel production and their respective biodiesels are used as alternative fuels in diesel engines. Biodiesels derived from Palm, jatropha, honge , honne, palm, rubber seed, rape seed, mahua, and neem seed oils were used in diesel engine applications.[2-14] Slightly lowered performance with increased emissions and combustion studies was reported for Biodiesels engine operation by several researchers.[2,3,8,9] Effect of various engine parameters such as compression ratio (CR), injection timing (IT), injection pressure and engine loading on the performance and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine operated on biodiesel and their blends with diesel were reported in the literature.[15] Retarded injection timings showed significant reduction in diesel NOx and biodiesel NOx. Cylinder pressures and temperatures gradually decreased when injection timings were retarded . Others also have performed experiments on CI engine with different vegetable oils at different injection pressures. Better performance, higher peak cylinder pressure and temperature were reported at increased injection pressures. The combustion chamber of an engine plays a very important role during the combustion process of variety of fossil fuels. In this context, many researchers performed both experimental and simulation studies on the use of various combustion chambers.[16-18] Improvement in air entrainment with increased swirl and injection pressure were reported. The best combustion chamber geometry of the engine showed better performance and emission levels. The Torroidal shaped combustion geometry helps in proper mixing of gaseous fuel with air. Designed torroidal combustion chamber due to its swirl action helps in the proper mixing of air and fuel mixture due to its its turbulance effect reduced the NOx emission levels to the maximum extent. The fuel behaviour when it is injected in the combustion chamber its interaction with air is important. It is known that nozzle geometry and cavitations affect evaporation and atomization process of fuels.The changes in the in-cylinder flow results in differing combustion. Palm oil, as one of the main agricultural products in Malaysia, is mostly applied for biodiesel production in that region.[19] Palm oil-based biofuel could generate a similar efficiency as diesel fuel with lower pollutant emissions, but