Hasit Joshi et al / International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research 2015; 6(08): 558-563. 558 IJBAR (2015) 6 (08) www.ssjournals.com International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research ISSN: 2229-3809 (Online); 2455-0558 (Print) Journal DOI: 10.7439/ijbar CODEN: IJBABN Original Research Article Incidence and associates of renal artery stenosis in patients undergoing peripheral and coronary angiography Hasit Joshi * , Jayesh Prajapati, Ronak Shah, Pavan Roy, Vipin Bhangdiya, Komal Shah and Priyanka Patel U.N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Centre, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad- 380016, Gujarat, India *Correspondence Info: Dr. Hasit Joshi Associate Professor, U.N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Centre, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad- 380016, Gujarat, India E-mail: drhasit@yahoo.com Abstract Objectives: Increasing prevalence of renal artery stenosis (RAS) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has been reported by many. We aimed to study the incidence and risk factors of renal artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and/or peripheral angiography (PAG). Methods: Data of 2209 consecutive patients undergoing CAG and/or PAG followed by renal angiography was collected from January-June 2013. Pervasiveness of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history and incidence of CAD were studied. Significant difference in profiles of patients with or without compelling atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) was tested by chi-square and unpaired t-test. Results and conclusion: Of 2209 patients, the prevalence of RAS in the study population was 6.11%. Mean age of the RAS patient group was 57.17 ± 10.82 years. Advancing age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidemia were found to be strongly associated with RAS. Patients with significant CAD had increased chances to develop ARAS. Ageing and presence of risk factors were closely associated with significant ARAS and hence they could be used in effectively predicting the presence of RAS in patients undergoing routine CAG and/or PAG. Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, Renal Artery Stenosis, Coronary Angiography, Peripheral Angiography 1. Introduction Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in elderly. Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is often present without any clinical signs or symptoms and is one of the few reversible causes of hypertension and renal insufficiency. About 90% of RAS are atherosclerotic which involve the ostium of the renal artery [1]. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is a progressive disease leading to renal atrophy over time and chronic kidney disease despite control of hypertension. Angioplasty with renal artery stenting for ARAS is an effective treatment strategy to restore and preserve renal function and to control blood pressure [2]. It is an independent predictor of death regardless of presence, severity or method of revascularization of coronary arteries [3]. Atherosclerosis is a diffuse process but affects certain regions of the vascular bed preferentially. The association between extent and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and RAS has been well established in most previous studies [3,4], but a definite relationship between the distribution of lesions in coronary tree, peripheral vascular disease and RAS has not been studied. [5] Some researchers have reported ARAS to be commonly associated with peripheral artery disease than with CAD. [6] The prevalence of ARAS has been reported to be in the range of 20–30% in high- risk populations.[7–9] Renal artery stenosis is a common cause of renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease and is present in 5–22% of patients more than 50 years old. [9] In these patients simultaneous screening for ARAS is highly cost-