International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sep 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1457 REMOVAL OF ZINC (II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY ORANGE PEEL AS AN ADSORBENT Neetesh Kumar Dehariya 1 , Prof. Navneeta Lal 2 1 M-Tech, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain (M.P.) - 456010, India 2 Assistant Prof. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain (M.P.) 456010, India ------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: The present study was undertaken to develop a cost effective biosorbent and to study the biosorption process for removal of heavy metals. Removal of zinc (II) from aqueous solution was investigated using orange peel as a biosorbent, was observed effects of various process parameters like pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration was found. The experimental research show for the removal efficiency of zinc from aqueous solution by using orange peel adsorbent 65 %. Optimum condition for removal of zinc (II) was found pH 5, contact time 90 minute with adsorbent dosage 0.5 gm at 10ppm concentration. Keywords: Zinc (II), Adsorption, Orange peel, Waste water. 1. INTRODUCTION Water has a leading position in every purpose; one of the main sources of environmental pollution is the industrial wastewater which contains. Various types of heavy metals can be found in many industries such as plating industry, leather, tannery, textile, pigment & dyes, paint, wood processing, petroleum refining industries and photographic film production [1]. Industrial and domestic waste water refuge toxic heavy metal ions have high solubility in the aquatic environments and thus they can be absorbed by living organisms [22]. Industrial wastewater streams contain toxic metal ions, for example, Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Co, etc. or their oxyanions in up to few hundred mg/dm3, which must be removed before water recycling or discharge directly into surface waters, [1-7]. Zinc metals enters in water from galvanizing, electroplating, automobile, paints, pharmaceutical, and metal refining industries [5,17]. Zinc is biologically essential, but an overdose can lead to dehydration electrolyte imbalance, stomach ache, nausea, dizziness, depression, lethargy, carcinogenesis, reproductvity, disorder, effect on nervous system, mutagenesis and teratogenesis neurologic signs such as seizures and ataxia, increased thirst, and in co-ordination in muscles [5,14,21]. EPA (Environmental Protection Act) has stated that drinking water should contain no more than 5 mg of zinc per litre of water [3] . Although excessive amount of heavy metal removal from waste water can be achieved by conventional methods, including chemical precipitation, oxidation/reduction, electro-chemical treatment, evaporative recovery, filtration, ion exchange, phyto-extraction, coagulation flocculation, extraction, ultra and membrane technologies, they may be ineffective or cost- expensive, especially when the metal ion concentrations in solution are in the range of 1-100 mg/l[1,11]. In choosing the appropriate method, several factors must be taken into consideration such as effectiveness, operational cost and production of toxic by-products. In recent decades, adsorption is the most employed and an effective technique for removal of heavy metals from wastewater [4, 12, 6, 7, 8, 14]. Agricultural wastes have emerged as a better choice, there are a quite large number of studies regarding the preparation of agricultural wastes which include nutshells, fruit sheel, bagasse, coirpith, coconut shell,oil palm waste, agricultural residues from sugarcane, rice, peanut, sawdust, canes from some easy-growing wood species, and orange peel, [6,9,13,17,23]. Bio sorbent material presents strong potential due to its high content of cellulose, pectin (galacturonic acid), hemicelluloses and lignins. Biosorbent are available at very low cost. Many researchers have been reported, biosorption for removal of heavy metals from waste water [23]. Orange peel mainly constitutes of hemi- cellulose, cellulose, pectin substances, chlorophyll pigments and other low molecular weight compounds like limonene, etc., [7]. Hydroxyl and carboxyl are the functional groups of cellulose which are active binding sites for metals. The purpose of this work is to investigate the potential of the orange peel powder as an adsorbent for removal of zinc (II) metals from aqueous solution. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS This chapter gives information about preparation of adsorbent, glass ware and apparatus used during experiments. Batch mode adsorption studies had conducted during experiment to analyze various effects of parameters like pH, contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dose etc.