International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 12, Number 21 (2017) pp. 10646-10654 © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com 10646 Converging VANET with Vehicular Cloud Networks to reduce the Traffic Congestions: A review Mohammed Saad Talib Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) – Malaysia. College of Administration and Economics, University of Babylon – Iraq. Orcid: 0000-0002-2316-9242 Prof. Dr. Burairah Hussin Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) – Malaysia. Dr. Aslinda Hassan Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) – Malaysia. Abstract Optimizing the traffic management operations represent an urgent issue in this era due to the massive increasing in number of circulating vehicles, traffic congestions and road accidents. Street congestions can have significant negative impact on the life quality, passenger's safety, daily activities, economic and environmental for citizens and organizations. Current progresses in communication and computing paradigms fetched the improvement of inclusive intelligent devices equipped with wireless communication capability and high efficiency processors. IoT will permit the evolution of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) from existing Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). In these days, cloud and fog computing approaches have been recognized for different applications of the fifth generation (5G) vehicular networks. The Software Defined Networking (SDN) has been recently considered as a flexible technique for linking wireless access networks and clouding computing (CC) centers in 5G vehicular networks. The inflexibility, short connectivity and non-intelligence shortages in VANET can be overcome now by integrating new emerging technologies. These emerging technologies are; vehicular cloud computing (VCC), IoV, Fog computing, Network Function Virtualization (NFV), Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), SDN and 5G. Integrating these technologies can create new developed technologies and services. These technologies can play a crucial role in building the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Achieving such dream by creating novel ITS will have a significant impact on traffic management and street congestions. This paper delivers a comprehensive investigation of recent technologies and their impacts on the improvement of the ITS to manage and control the traffic congestions. Keywords: vehicular cloud computing, fog computing, SDN, 5G, IoV, VANET, ITS, traffic congestions. INTRODUCTION The traffic congestion is representing a serious problem with the urbanization growth and a tangible increase in the number of circulating vehicles on roads [1]. Most of the current urban transportation systems are becoming inefficient and being exceeds their capacities due to the increase in the number of produced vehicles [2]. Citizens are suffering from the economic and social effects of traffic congestions and resulted pollution in addition to the expected increase in road accidents [3] [4]. Traffic congestion creates very hard negative effects on organizations as well as people's. It affects their daily activities, their safety and their quality of life, so it has been attracting many different scientific interests [5]. Road traffic safety (RTS) must be the essential issue in any urban environment planning [6]. The primary reason of road's congestion is that in certain epochs, the number of circulating vehicles in a specific road segment increases to there's peak level and approaches or exceeds its critical capacity. This problem may happen due to the lack of technologies that can attain well-organized network utilization [7]. Application of a computerized mechanism to distribute traffic information to drivers in a timely way can help drivers make their knowledgeable decisions [8]. In this era, travelers as well as drivers want to get the necessary assistance information in any travel mode and especially in some emergency cases. This information may contain locations, traffic congestion data, alternative roads, traffic jams and so on [9]. The traditional Intelligent Transport System (ITS) has significantly developed by utilizing the vehicular communications. Vehicular ad-hoc Networks (VANET) is a special class of Mobile ad-hoc Network (MANET). It represents an important part of the ITS. The significant grew