Visual Anthropology Review, Vol. 34, Issue 2, pp. 163–165, ISSN 1058-7187, online 1548-7458. © 2018 American Anthropological Association. DOI: 10.1111/var.12171.
Film Review
We Don’t Need a Map
Directed by Warwick Thornton, 2017, 85 minutes,
color. Distributed by Ronin Films, Australia.
https://www.roninfilms.com.au
Rowena Potts
New York University
We Don’t Need a Map opens with a provocation. “G’day
Australia. How you goin’?” Australian Aboriginal cin-
ematographer, filmmaker, and artist Warwick Thornton
asks, in voiceover. We hear children singing the nation-
al anthem and see an inky black cosmos pierced by tiny,
racing splinters of light. These could be stars, we realize,
if we were traveling through space at a great speed.
“We are standing here with our chest out, wrapped in
the Australian flag and the Southern Cross,” Thornton
muses. He is referring to the most distinctive constel-
lation in the Southern Hemisphere, also a feature of
the national flag. It is a symbol that has recently been
co-opted in the service of a xenophobic nationalism in
Australia. “Are we a monoculture with a potato up our
bum? Are we worried that someday someone’s gonna
steal our barbecues and beer?” Thornton’s tone is ir-
reverent, his language idiomatic, and he is speaking to
a non-Indigenous Australian audience. A feverish title
sequence follows, rapid cuts propelled by the tempo of
punk rock. Backlit shots of metal figurines, including a
horse and rider rearing over the camera, are played at
dizzying speed. Light trails from traffic, and landscapes
in time-lapse are juxtaposed with handheld shots of the
Southern Cross on flags, on bumper stickers, and tat-
tooed on a man’s pale shoulder. Thunder claps, sparks
fly, and dogs growl. The result is unsettling: things are
out of balance; something is not right. The final two im-
ages are of a small Aboriginal child sitting in a canoe,
crying with rage, and two metal dingoes, animated by
an invisible puppeteer (Thornton, as the film will soon
make clear), fighting on the sand.
Commissioned by Australia’s National Indigenous
Television (NITV), with support from the government-
funded Screen Australia, We Don’t Need a Map addresses
Thornton’s grave concern that the Southern Cross is
becoming “the new swastika”—a symbol weaponized to
promote a white national identity that excludes recent
immigrants, refugees, and Indigenous people. Thornton,
a Kaytej man from Alice Springs in Australia’s North-
ern Territory, directed and co-scripted the documentary
with producer Brendan Fletcher. Principal cinematog-
raphy was conducted by Thornton, who was assisted
by his son, Dylan River—a talented filmmaker in his
own right. Thornton plays a dynamic, performative role
in a film that takes shape around his personal quest
to understand the contested nature of a constellation
whose meaning continues to evolve. The film combines
formal and informal interviews shot in the homes and
workplaces of Thornton’s interlocutors, playful reenact-
ment scenes with metal figurines and puppets, and strik-
ingly beautiful observational sequences filmed on the
traditional lands of Australia’s First People. It is tightly
edited and loosely structured, with an improvisatory
roughness that allows it to chart complex cultural and
political terrain without offering easy solutions.
Following race riots that took place in Cronulla,
Sydney, in 2005, the Southern Cross acquired a particu-
larly racist and anti-immigrant connotation. As Muslim
Australian hip-hop artist Omar Musa wearily says to
Thornton in an interview, “I see the Southern Cross as
a symbol that is dangerous for people like me, however
I’m defined.” Yet, for Aboriginal people, the Southern
Cross is imbued with profound spiritual and ancestral
significance. These stars, as Indigenous poet, film-
maker, cultural activist, and scholar Romaine Moreton
points out to Thornton, “are not just ideas or abstract
symbols.” Rather, they embody Indigenous knowledge
systems and creation stories, providing the foundation
for an alternative, deeply relational way of being in
the world. “We are in kinship with country,” Moreton
explains. “We are in kinship with animals, we are in
kinship with plants, with mountains. We are in kinship
with the constellations.”
This ontology is as unfamiliar to the white national-
ists who tattoo the Southern Cross on their bodies today
as it was to the British settlers who began their invasion
of Aboriginal land in 1788. That white nationalism is