International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 11 | Nov 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1324
Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storey Building with and without Floating
Columns
Mohammed Irfan
1
, C S Shashi Kumar
2
, M Keshava Murthy
3
1
Post graduate student, Dept. of civil engineering, UVCE, Bengaluru, India
2
Assistant professor, Vivekananda institute of technology, Bengaluru, India
3
Associate professor, Faculty of civil engineering, UVCE, Bengaluru, India
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Abstract - In the present study 3 different floor height
buildings have been considered, the building to be analyzed as
a whole by Time History Analysis for structure consisting
floating columns in different positions in plan, building of G+3,
G+10 and G+15 height is consider in earthquake prone zones.
Comparison of results of Base Shear, Storey displacement and
Acceleration of structure has done. FEM codes are developed
for Structure with and without floating column to study the
responses of the structure under different earthquake
excitation having different frequency content keeping the PGA
and time duration factor constant. The time history of floor
displacement, Base shear and Acceleration are computed for
Structure with and without floating columns.
Key Words: Floating column, earthquake behavior, Time
History Analysis,, Base shear, Storey displacement,
Acceleration, ETABS
1. INTRODUCTION
Many urban multistorey buildings in India today have open
first storey as an unavoidable feature. This is primarily being
adopted to accommodate parking or reception lobbies in the
first storey. Whereas the total seismic base shear as
experienced by a building during an earthquake is
dependent on its natural period, the seismic force
distribution is dependent on the distribution of stiffness and
mass along the height.
The behaviour of a building during earthquakes depends
critically on its overall shape, size and geometry, in addition
to how the earthquake forces are carried to the ground. The
earthquake forces developed at different floor levels in a
building need to be brought down along the height to the
ground by the shortest path; any deviation or discontinuity
in this load transfer path results in poor performance of the
building. Buildings with vertical setbacks cause a sudden
jump in earthquake forces at the level of discontinuity.
Buildings that have fewer columns or walls in a particular
storey or with unusually tall storey tend to damage or
collapse which is initiated in that storey. Buildings with
columns that hang or float on beams at an intermediate
storey and do not go all the way to the foundation, have
discontinuities in the load transfer path.
A column is supposed to be a vertical member starting
from foundation level and transferring the load to the
ground. The term floating column is also a vertical element
which at its lower level (termination Level) rests on a beam
which is a horizontal member. The beams in turn transfer
the load to other columns below it. Such columns where the
load was considered as point load. Theoretically such
structures can be analysed and designed. In practice, the true
columns below the termination level are not constructed
with care and more liable to failure.
For Floating columns, the Transfer Girder and columns
supporting Transfer Girder needs special attention. If load
factor needs to be augmented (for Transfer Girder and its
columns) to have additional safety of structure, shall be
adopted. In the given system, floating columns need not be
treated to carry any Earth Quake forces. Therefore entire
Earthquake of the system is shared by the columns/shear
walls without considering any contribution from Floating
columns. However in design and details of Floating columns,
minimum 25% Earth Quake must be catered in addition to
full gravity forces.
This way the overall system as some breathing safety
during Earth Quake. However, Floating columns are
competent enough to carry gravity loading but Transfer
Girder must be of adequate dimensions (Stiffness) with very
minimum deflection. Though floating columns have to be
discouraged, there are many projects in which they are
adopted, especially above the ground floor, where transfer
girders are employed, so that more open space is available in
the Ground Floor. The transfer girders have to be designed
and detailed properly, especially in Earth Quake zones. If
there are no lateral loads, the design and detailing is not
difficult.
2. OBJECTIVES OF PRESENT WORK
1. To study the behavior of multistorey buildings with and
without floating columns of various floor heights having
same dimensions of beams and with columns.
2. To study the behaviour of structure located at
earthquake prone zones with floating columns in different
positions in plan area.