Volume 9 • Issue 1 • 1000321 Arts Social Sci J, an open access journal
ISSN: 2151-6200
Short Communication Open Access
Arts and Social Sciences Journal
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ISSN: 2151-6200
Ali et al., Arts Social Sci J 2018, 9:1
DOI: 10.4172/2151-6200.1000321
Keywords: Social; Population; Agriculture; Irrigation; Income
Introduction
Pakistan is known as an agricultural country. Greater than 70%
population of Pakistan is related to agriculture. Now agriculture
contributes 20.9 percent to GDP (Gross Domestic Product). It also
provides raw material for industry (Govt, 2017). Te lack of technical
knowledge about production technology of the major crops could be
an important one. In this situation extension can play an important
role for the increase of per hectare yield of diferent crops. It is the
responsibility of the extension worker to difuse the innovation
among the farmer community. For achieving this goal, various
extension strategies have been applied which aimed at increasing from
productivity and improving the income [1].
It has been observed due to the unawareness about the improved
cropping technologies among farmers in Pakistan results the low yield.
Tere are various information difusion methods has been adopted by
public and private extension staf in Pakistan, but now it’s needing to
manage well-developed and well-planned training strategies [2]. Te
usefulness training based on the theoretical aspect that the trainee can
describe and able to apply it in the actual environment, learned in a
training program. Te farmers are willing to gain training in the feld
of new agricultural practices and modern techniques they want to get
training to uplif their living standard [3].
Updated international and local market information is the need
of the time. Tis kind of information has direct infuence on the
production of wheat crop. Growers are seeking for this kind of useful
information, training and exhibitions are the most likely useful events
for getting latest information [4]. Training is considering as the
most reliable source for the farmers due to that they can make their
decisions in more efcient manners Training and development are
the continuous process [5]. Te need is that to perform one’s duty
efciently. It is helpful to acquire new knowledge, experience, skill and
techniques to perform efectively. Tere is need to know how to lead
others are the better reasons for the training and development [6].
It is necessary to enhance the wheat production either by
increasing its area under cultivation or by using improved production
technologies. Better and latest production practice is a most important
factor for the better wheat production [7].
Dissemination of the technical knowledge is not easy by itself.
Tere is need of extension education and diferent extension methods
used to technology transfer in agriculture sector. Te extension
training programs are the tools to improve the agricultural techniques.
Te extension training programs creates opportunities to establish
relationship between farmers and extension workers. Te extension
method based on the aim and experience it is most efective, benefcial
and fundamental knowledge to improve the crop production [8]. It is
very important to strengthen the farmers, extension staf and research
relationship [1].
Sufcient training of famers about sustainable insect and pest
control is needed urgently to minimize the risk of low yield. Tese
pesticides also produce some lethal substances from which many
greenhouse gas emissions arise, thus polluting our environment
badly and having negative impacts on vegetation and bio-diversity,
ultimately causing the climatic change [9]. Te provision of training
about the production technology merely is not the solution of all the
problems faced by the farming community but the contribution to
increase the farm productivity. Te efectiveness of farmers’ training
in the developing countries showed that many programs were failed
in the beginning afer their initiation because of concentrating on a
specifc technology transfer rather than empowering them including
knowledge dissemination [10].
Methodology
Te study was conducted in tehsil Nankana Sahib, in the Punjab,
Pakistan. A sample of 110 respondents was selected purposively, who
*Corresponding author: Muhammad Ifkthar, Institute of Agricultural Extension
and Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Tel +92 41
9200161; E-mail: agrigak444@yahoo.com
Received December 07, 2017; Accepted January 03, 2018; Published January
10, 2018
Citation: Ali S, Iftikhar M, Khan GA, Raza MH (2018) Performance Evaluation
to Explore the Effectiveness of Training Programs among the Wheat Growers of
Tehsil Nankana Sahib. Arts Social Sci J 9: 321. doi: 10.4172/2151-6200.1000321
Copyright: © 2018 Ali S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Performance Evaluation to Explore the Effectiveness of Training
Programs among the Wheat Growers of Tehsil Nankana Sahib
Safdar Ali, Muhammad Iftikhar*, Ghazanfar Ali Khan and Muhammad Hammad Raza
Institute of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
Wheat is an essential part of meal from poor to rich families. However, comparing its neighboring countries,
Pakistan could not perform impressively in the production of wheat. Lack of knowledge on the part of farmers
about land preparation, irrigation application, pest and disease control and fertilizer application were the major
hindering factor to meet the potential yield of wheat. Therefore, public and private sector provided many training
programmes to enhance wheat production. The present study was conducted in tehsil Nankana Sahib. A sample
of 110 respondents was taken conveniently who had received different trainings regarding wheat production. The
collected data was analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to derive conclusions
and formulate recommendations. Majority of the respondents (74%) reported that their knowledge and skills had
improved after getting training about the production technology of the wheat crop. There should be adequate material
and well-trained extension feld staff to educate the farmer.