JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 1 SESS: 12 OUTPUT: Thu Jul 18 15:09:40 2013 SUM: 90DDE82E /Xpp84/wiley_journal/HISR/hisr_v0_i0/hisr_12032 The Red Book of the Exchequer: a curious affair revisited Margaret Procter University of Liverpool Abstract The dispute between John Horace Round and Hubert Hall over Hall’s edition () of the Red Book of the Exchequer became notorious for several reasons: because it forced a newly-emerging historical profession to confront the strengths and weaknesses of ‘scientific history’; because of Round’s unedifying behaviour; and because it was conducted publicly, through the periodical press and in private publications. The existence of that material has skewed the historiography; this account revisits the relationship between the two men in the early eighteen-nineties and concludes that although Round was ‘correct’, the consequences of the affair were far more beneficial for Hall. The epic dispute between John Horace Round and Hubert Hall over the latter’s edition of the Red Book of the Exchequer, 1 which exploded into public view in , quickly gained a reputation as ‘one of the classic pieces of modern historical criticism’. 2 This was notoriety rather than celebration; well into the twentieth century, and for medievalists in particular, it has continued to exemplify the perils of textual criticism carried to extremes. Because so much of the dispute was carried on in the literary and scholarly press, the private background to the affair has received little attention. In particular, Hall’s role has been overshadowed by his opponent’s behaviour, although he was, in the eighteen-nineties, a considerable figure in the emerging historical community and certainly one with a finger in all the major historical pies: on the staff of the Public Record Office (P.R.O.) from  (working for most of his career under one of its greatest deputy keepers, Henry Maxwell Lyte), literary director of the Royal Historical Society (R.H.S.) between  and , a pioneer of economic history research and teaching, and a prolific (if not always critically well-received) author. 3 It is the lengthy and more private gestation of the dispute which will be explored here, with Hall as a protagonist rather than merely (yet another) Roundian victim.This ‘back story’ (which Hall himself considered ‘one of those stories which fortunately can never be written’) 4 attempts to establish the circumstances in which the dispute developed and provide some opportunity for corroboration of claim and counterclaim, 1 In this article Red Book of the Exchequer (italics) indicates the published edition The Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. H. Hall (vols., ), and ‘Red Book of the Exchequer’ the manuscript record. 2 M. D. Knowles, ‘Great historical enterprises IV.The Rolls Series’, Trans. Royal Hist. Soc., th ser., xi (), -, at p. . 3 For a contemporary’s assessment, see ‘Hubert Hall’ [obituary], The Times, Aug. . 4 Manchester, John Rylands Library (hereafter J.R.L.), Tait papers, /, Hubert Hall to James Tait, May . Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Journal Code: HISR Proofreader: Mony Article No: HISR12032 Delivery date: 18 Jul 2013 Page Extent: 23 Copyright © 2013 Institute of Historical Research DOI: 10.1111/1468-2281.12032 Historical Research, vol. ••, no. •• (•• 2013) Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA02148, USA. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45