International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 12 | Dec 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 72 MANAGEMENT OF TRAFFIC AT ROAD INTERSECTION USING SOFTWARE MODELLING Pratik V. Parmar 1 , Vaidehi J. Patel 2 , Vipinkumar G. Yadav 3 1 UG Student, Adajan, Surat 2 UG Student, Jamalpor, Navsari 3 Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Dr. S. & S.S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College, Surat, Gujarat, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - As transportation systems have become more complex with frequently congested roads, traffic management has become a worldwide concern. Engineers install traffic signals to provide safe right of way periodically to competing traffic movements. When two or more traffic signals are located in close vicinity, traffic flow on links joining two signals become dependent on timings at these signals. Coordinating two or more signals on a signalized intersection requires cycle length, green splits, phase sequence and offsets and these can be achieved by using various types of traffic simulation model and optimization model. With the progress of technology, many traffic management packages were developed and traffic model and simulation tools are increasingly used for traffic management by using real time date. The objective of this paper is to study different traffic management and simulation software for signalized intersection and identify the best suited tool for traffic management. Key Words: Traffic management, Software modelling, Traffic simulation, Signal operation, Signalized intersection 1. INTRODUCTION The term Traffic congestion influences various aspects of traffic engineering. Many transportation planners and engineers are highly concerned with understanding major causes of traffic congestion. The solution is frequently achieved by proper software application in traffic management. Traffic signal cycle and phasing of each signal at intersection is well designed with the help of different software and optimized model is developed. Result of this is also presented with the help of simulating software. The need of software application in designing signal cycle and modelling arise due to difficulties faced while calculation due to many mathematical formulas involved in which some of them need to be repeated. Also, due to portability of compacted laptops the work is also becomes very easy, simple and quick. Choosing right software depends on specific area of interest or problem and required output needed at field. Available or collected field data also affect this selection. Chosen software outcome should help in effective traffic management and ensuring safety of road users. Nowadays most of the traffic projects are presented with simulating software to give real idea about actual field condition as a model or abstraction of the system and can be better defined as a simplified representation of a system at some particular point in time or space which is aimed at promoting an understanding of the real system. As the model is the simplification of the real conditions, the level of detail depends on the specific requirements. Simulation is the manipulation of a model in such a way that it operates on time or space to represent the real conditions. Simulation provides an understanding of the interactions among the key components of a system and the system as a whole. The evolution of computer technology has changed the general understanding of simulation. Nowadays, simulation basically means a computerized version of a model which is run over time to study the implications of the defined interactions. Simulation tools are ideal tools for public presentation, evaluation of before and after studies, and routine planning and operation analysis. Simulation packages can offer the user a valuable tool to observe animated traffic conditions, and evaluate alternative scenarios for roadway and signal system improvements in urban areas and can be useful for determining the effects of design changes, installing or removing traffic signals, using pre-timed or vehicle actuated signals, etc. When engineers predicting performances are not able to design and built by using trial and error method alone, they are forced to structure their knowledge of the system in terms of a model. The model should include meaningful measure of effectiveness of a system, such as capacity and delay in the traffic system. Simulation makes possible trial and error manipulation which leads naturally to an optimum design. Thus, a simulation may be necessary to predict future behaviour of the system in traffic studies and design. Table-1 shows the capabilities of various popular simulation software used by researchers.