Madridge J Anal Sci Instrum. ISSN: 2638-1532 47 Volume 2 • Issue 1 • 1000110 Madridge Journal of Analytical Sciences and Instrumentation Research Article Open Access General approach for quantitative description of the Background Voltammograms Nigmatullin RR 1 , Budnikov HC 2 , Sidelnikov AV 3 and Maksyutova EI 3 * 1 Radioelectronic and Informative-Measurements Techniques Department, Kazan National Research Technical University (KNRTU-KAI), Kazan, Russia 2 Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University (KFU), Kazan, Russia 3 Chemistry Department, Bashkir State University (BSU), Ufa, Russia Article Info *Corresponding author: Elza I. Maksyutova Department of Chemistry Bashkir State University (BSU) Ufa, Russia Email: artsid2000@gmail.com, elzesha@gmail.com Received: October 25, 2017 Accepted: November 27, 2017 Published: December 2, 2017 Citation: Nigmatullin RR, Budnikov HC, Sidelnikov AV, Maksyutova EI. General approach for quantitative description of the Background Voltammograms. Madridge J Anal Sci Instrum. 2017; 2(1): 47-55. doi: 10.18689/mjai-1000110 Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Published by Madridge Publishers Abstract Based on the hypothesis related to fractal structure of electrode one can develop the quantitative theory for description of the measured voltammograms (VAGs). We suppose that at least two percolation channels take part in the process of its formation. One channel can be associated with the fractal structure of electrodes while the second one can be related to the heterogeneous structure of the double electric layer. Based on the obtained fitting function that follows from the suggested theory it becomes possible to differentiate the state of two measured electrodes (with regeneration or without application of this procedure). This result obtained directly from the measured data can find a wide application in electrochemistry for analysis of other VAGs, especially in detection of possible traces of substances that take place in chemical reactions in the vicinity of heterogeneous electrodes. Keywords: Electrochemistry; Quantitative Fractal Theory; Regenerated/No Regenerated Electrodes; Self-Similar Voltammograms; Traces Detection. List of abbreviations: BLC - bell-like curve, DEL - double electric layer, GCE - the glassy carbon electrode, ECs - the eigen-coordinates method, LLSM - the linear least square method, PD - potential distribution, VAG(s) - voltammogram(s). Introduction and Formulation of the Problem As it is known for detection of the limit of sensitivity of the presence of a substance by electrochemical methods a researcher uses the series of measurements in the presence of analyte (i.e. a blank experiment) or the background electrolyte. Detection of this signal determines the minimal concentration of the electrolyte in the analyzed object [1]. Detection of this signal gives a possibility (with some value of probability) to extract a useful signal among random factors (noises) and based on the ratio signal/noise (S/N) to evaluate the desired limit of detection. This limit can be evaluated in accordance with standard deviation (dispersion of the background signal) using the ratio 3s bg /b, where b determines the sensor sensitivity coefficient. The uncontrollable factors (noises) can have different origins. It can be suppressed by chemical/instrumental methods [2,3] or based on some mathematical methods, for example, with the help of projection method suggested by chemometrics [4]. The complete elimination of the background is impossible. Especially, it creates a big problem in interpretation of complex multi-parametric data in the presence of multisensors. To this problem one can refer, for example, the VAGs associated with electronic “tongue” [5]. For the increasing of electrochemical resolution many methods were suggested and their descriptions one can find in paper [6]. However, even in the conditions of the well- resolved peaks, the measured VAGs contain the background current component (for ISSN: 2638-1532