~ 465 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(1): 465-469 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2019; 7(1): 465-469 © 2019 JEZS Received: 01-11-2018 Accepted: 04-12-2018 Dhawale RT Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India SS Pitlawar Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India CL Badgujar Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India SM Agivale Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India MK Patil Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India VN Khandait Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India Correspondence SS Pitlawar Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kaulkhed Road, Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, India Evaluation of comparative efficacy of xylazine- ketamine-guaifenesin and ketamine-guaifenesin anaesthesia for surgical management of urogenital affections in cattle Dhawale RT, SS Pitlawar, CL Badgujar, SM Agivale, MK Patil and VN Khandait Abstract The study was conducted to evaluate comparison between two different anaesthetic combinations using Xylazine-Ketamine-Guaifenesin and Ketamine-Guaifenesin anaesthesia for surgical management of urogenital affections in cattle. The anaesthetic parameters included quality of induction of anaesthesia, quality of muscle relaxation, analgesia, duration of anaesthesia and quality of recovery of anaesthesia. The overall quality of induction of anaesthesia in Group I was better than Group II animals. Four animals (66.66%) in group I showed excellent muscle relaxation, two (33.33%) good degree of muscle relaxation, however 50% animals showed good and rest of 50% showed moderate muscle relaxation from Group II animals. The surgical anaesthesia time in Group I approximately 66.50 min and 50.66 min in Group II. There was significant lower onset of analgesia in between the groups however; loss of analgesia was significantly earlier in Group II as compared to Group I. The duration for total intravenous anaesthesia recorded in Group I was 54.66±2.44 min which was more as compared to Group II (44.83±2.16 min). The recovery from anaesthesia was smooth but prolonged in all the animals from group I and in Group II (66.66%) four animals showed smooth and fast recovery while two animals (33.33%) showed smooth but prolonged recovery. Keywords: Xylazine, ketamine, diazepam, guaifenesin, cattle Introduction Surgical affections of male urogenital system are very common and life threatening conditions in bovines which pose anesthetic and surgical challenges that have contributed to the poor prognosis generally associated with abnormal location of testicle, orchitis, scrotal hernia, unilateral cryptorchidism, hydrocoele, urolithiasis and rupture of bladder. Many surgical procedures in ruminants can be performed humanely and safely using local or regional anesthesia and physical restraint. However, sedation and general anesthesia are necessary in order to perform some procedures. Although, anesthesia associated risks are greater in ruminants than monogastrics, the former can be anesthetized relatively safely in a field setting if the risks are understood and adequate planning and precautions are in place. For deciding, an anaesthetic preparation for a patient, health status must be assessed and considered along with other extrinsic factors such as anaesthetic procedure, availability of equipment and supplies, and the academic and technical training and abilities of participating personnel. Ruminants usually allow physical restraint well and with local or regional anaesthesia it is often sufficient to complete many surgical and diagnostic procedures and complex surgical procedures like femoral fracture plating and pinning, penile surgery, umbilical hernia repair, caesarean section, and celiotomy requires general anaesthesia. Therefore, total intravenous anaesthesia can make many procedures more pleasant for both practitioner and to the animals. Guaifenesin is a centrally acting muscle relaxant with mild to moderate sedative activity. At clinically used doses it produces minimal cardiorespiratory effects. Guaifenesin is used in combination with ketamine and in some cases xylazine to produce anesthetic induction in food animal patients. Guaifenesin–ketamine–xylazine and guaifenesin–ketamine combinations are also used in the intravenous maintenance of anesthesia in food animal patients [1] . Induction of general anesthesia in cattle, sheep and goats is easily produced in sedated or calm animals by intravenous administration of combinations of muscle relaxants and dissociative anesthetics.