www.ijbcp.com International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | January 2019 | Vol 8 | Issue 1 Page 27
IJBCP International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Print ISSN: 2319-2003 | Online ISSN: 2279-0780
Original Research Article
Analysis of spontaneously reported cutaneous adverse drug reactions in
a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India
Vijaya Chandra Reddy Konda
1
, Sree Surya Durga Devi Pilla
2
, A. Surekha
3
,
K. R. Subash
1
*, K. Umamaheswara Rao
1
INTRODUCTION
According to World Health Organization (WHO), an
adverse reaction to drug is one that is noxious, unintended
and occurs at doses normally used in man.
1
Adverse drug
reactions (ADRs) are associated with prolonged
hospitalization, increased morbidity and mortality.
2,3
ADRs resulted in substantial increase in costs for the
healthcare sector.
4
Cutaneous ADR is any undesirable change in the structure
or function of the skin, its appendages or mucous
membranes, encompassing all adverse events related to
drug eruption, regardless of the etiology.
5
Skin reactions
are one of the most frequently reported ADRs and are
responsible for about 3% of all disabling injuries during
hospitalization.
6
The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) is
launched in 2010 with a broad objective to safe guard the
ABSTRACT
Background: Skin is the most common organ involved in adverse reactions due
to drugs. With newer drugs released into market every year, there is changing
pattern of the reported cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In order to
ensure safer use of medicines in patients, there is need for continuous monitoring
of ADRs. This is a retrospective study to analyse spontaneously reported
cutaneous ADRs.
Methods: All the cutaneous ADRs reported between January 2017 and
September 2018 were analysed for clinical patterns, suspected medications,
causality, severity and preventability.
Results: Of the 1035 reports received during the study period, 232 (22.41%)
included cutaneous reactions. 113 (48.7%) were male and 119 (51.29%) were
female. Maculopapular rash 70 (30.17%), pruritus 31 (13.36%), palmar plantar
erythrodysesthesia 30 (12.93%), acne 19 (8.19%), urticaria 16 (6.89%) and fixed
drug eruptions (FDE) 13 (5.6%) were the common clinical patterns.
Antimicrobial agents followed by anticancer drugs, nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormones and related drugs, and antiepileptic
drugs were the common suspected group of drugs. Causality assessment as done
by WHO-UMC scale showed that 3 (1.29%) were certainly related, 174 (75%)
were probably related and 55 (23.7%) were possibly related to the suspected
medication.
Conclusions: Cutaneous ADRs are most frequently reported ADRs in the present
study. With newer drugs released into market, there is a need for continuous
monitoring of use of drugs to promote safer use of medicines in patients.
Keywords: Adverse drug reaction monitoring centre, Cutaneous adverse drug
reactions, Causality, Pharmacovigilance
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20185085
1
Department of Pharmacology,
2
ADR Monitoring Centre,
3
Department of Dermatology,
Sri Venkateswara Institute of
Medical Sciences, Sri
Padmavathi Medical College for
Women, Tirupati, Andhra
Pradesh, India
Received: 26 November 2018
Accepted: 01 December 2018
*Correspondence to:
Dr. K. R. Subash,
Email: subbu2207@yahoo.com
Copyright: © the author(s),
publisher and licensee Medip
Academy. This is an open-
access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial License, which
permits unrestricted non-
commercial use, distribution,
and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original
work is properly cited.