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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 9, Issue 13, December 2018, pp. 1798–1806, Article ID: IJCIET_09_13_179
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=13
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
©IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
ESTIMATION OF GROUNDWATER
VULNERABILITY IN BAHR AL-NAJAF AREA,
MIDDLE OF IRAQ
Ali H. Al-Aboodi
Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering Dept.
College of Engineering, University of Basrah. Iraq
Zaid N. Hashim
Ph. D. Student, Civil Engineering Dept.
College of Engineering, University of Basrah. Iraq
ABSTRACT
Once contaminants reach the aquifer, the mitigation thereof becomes expensive
and often not readily possible. A proactive approach to the assessment of aquifer
vulnerability to contamination, rather than a reactive approach, is thus of utmost
importance for the future sus-tainability of our groundwater resources. The main
object of this study is to estimate the groundwater vulnerability in Bahr Al-Najaf area,
middle of Iraq. Data in the present study were of two types: spatial data and non-
spatial data, there are obtained from wells logs, pumping test results, geological maps
and hydro-geologic reports, and soil investigations. The scope of pollution was
analyzed by developing the seven map layers and generating the DRASTIC technique.
The vulnerability index was obtained by DRASTIC technique that varied from (70 to
140).
Key words: Bahr Al-Najaf, DRASTIC, Groundwater, Middle of Iraq, Vulnerability
Cite this Article: Ali H. Al-Aboodi and Zaid N. Hashim, Estimation of Groundwater
Vulnerability in Bahr Al-Najaf Area, Middle of Iraq, International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 9(13), 2018, pp. 1798–1806.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=13
1. INTRODUCTION
In dry regions of the world, groundwater is an invaluable prove-nance for water. If
groundwater is contaminated, may cause an environmental degradation and health risk.
Groundwater can be exposed for a wide range of activities or human actions that may lead to
the leaching of pesticides and fertilizers, disposal of sewage, and waste materials. Prohibition
of groundwater pollution is the best way to effective and efficient environmental
administration, as the groundwater treatment is slow and costly. In order to conserve
groundwater resources and areas exposed to pollution, as a result of human activities, must be