International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2492
Optimization of Process Parameters on Friction Stir Welding of
AA2014 & AA6082 Aluminium Alloy
J. Murali
1
, K.T. Thilagham
2
, P. Sundararaj
3
1
Department of Metallurgy, Government College of Engineering, Salem-636011
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgy, Government College of Engineering, Salem-636011
3
Associate Professor, Department of Metallurgy, Government College of Engineering, Salem-636011
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Abstract - The joining of the different materials to take
advantages of the properties of each. Here AA6082 aluminum
alloys butt welded with AA2014 to get high weldmetal
properties and corrosion resistance. Both the alloys are Non-
weldable because of the poor solidification and porosity in
fusion zone. It is evident that the Friction stir welding is
possible for dissimilar welding. To optimize the process
parameters to get the better mechanical and microstructural
properties of dissimilar joints AA2014 and AA6082 by friction
stir welding using design of experiments in Taguchi`s method.
The considered process parameters were welding speed, tool
rotation speed, tilt angle. In this study the process parameters
were optimized and ranked of parameters based on the Signal
to Noise Ratio values and the optimized welding parameters
were found the tool rotational speed of 1000rpm, Travel Speed
of 70mm/min and Tilt angle of 2
0
. An attempt was made to
join the dissimilar aluminium plate of 6 mm thickness with
conical tapered tool profile. The quality of the joint was
evaluated by means of tensile strength and fracture surface
analysis by SEM analysis.
Key Words: Friction stir welding, tool rotational speed,
welding speed, tilt angle, Taguchi method
1.INTRODUCTION
The increasing demand for High strength weld in aerospace,
automobile, and structural applications vast dissimilar
applications are possible. These aluminum alloys are
generally classified as non- weldable because of the poor
solidification microstructure and porosity in the fusion zone.
Also the loss in mechanical properties as compared to the
base material is significant. FSW has many notable
advantages over fusion welding in order to get good
strength.
In plate form AA 6082 in T651, T6 & T4. The plate in T651
given heat Solution Heat treated and artificially aged.
Material has high strength such as 7Mpa. The alloys AA2014
and AA6082 both in T6 Heat treated condition. It was
observed all the pins preferred were broken due to high
rotational speed and load applied. Pin profile has been
changed to withstand the load.
Design of Experiments is used to get a specific procedure for
welding using the parameters used for welding. Here
Taguchi’s method of design of experiments with 9 number of
experiments and to get the results with good confidence
limit. Taguchi’s design of L9 orthogonal array was made for 3
levels and 3 factors. The factors selected are rotational
speed, travel speed and tilt angle.
The specimens were then prepared for FSW welding.
Further which need to take the tensile test to do the
optimization using Taguchi`s method and characterization
studies Tensile test were carried out across the FSW welded
samples and SEM analysis for optimized sample.
2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
2.1 Material and sample preparation
From the given aluminum plate material a portion of
material was cut into the required dimension of 25 X 25 mm
(1 inch. X 1 inch.) to get the chemical analysis result. As per
the standards the chemical composition of AA2014 and
AA6082 were given in Table 1 and Table 2. Then the purity
of the given material is checked by Spectroscopy technique.
Table -1: Chemical composition of AA2014 in weight %
Si%
Fe% Cu% Mn% Mg% Zn% Ti% Cr% Al%
0.681 0.193 4.171 0.635 0.597 0.076 0.051 0.003 Bal.
Table -2: Chemical composition of AA6082 in weight %
Si%
Fe% Cu% Mn% Mg% Zn% Ti% Cr% Al%
1.160 0.169 0.035 0.540 0.831 0.002 0.017 0.005 Bal.
The base material were cut into work samples of
dimensions merely equal to 100 x 50 x 6 mm for the studies.
They are being welded using conical tapered (HSS) pin
profiles. Weldments of dimensions equals to 100x 100 x 6
mm were made by Friction stir welding.
2.2 Material and sample preparation
Table -3: Process Parameters
FACTORS LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3
Rotational Speed (rpm) 800 1000 1200
Travel Speed (mm/min) 70 80 90
Tilt Angle (
0
) 1 2 0
Experiments are performed to find the working
levels of parameters. The levels are observed in experiments
are shown in Table.3. It was chosen such a way that AA6082
in advancing side and AA2014 in retreating side so as to
enhance corrosion behavior of AA2014.